The term used for patients whose kidneys are damaged to the point where they usually require dialysis to survive? is:
A.
anemia.
B.
?end-stage renal disease.
C.
coagulopathy.
D.
acute renal failure.
B.
?end-stage renal disease.
What is a cycle of filling and draining of the abdominal cavity during peritoneal dialysis? called?
A.
Trade
B.
Set
C.
Rotation
D.
Exchange
D.
Exchange
Peritoneal dialysis allows patients to dialyze at home? through:
A.
the abdomen.
B.
a dialysis machine.
C.
an AV fistula.
D.
the urethra.
A.
the abdomen.
The medications that transplant patients need to take for the rest of their lives to prevent organ rejection also often lead to high susceptibility? to:
A.
infection.
B.
renal failure.
C.
ulcers.
D.
congestive heart failure.
A.
infection.
Which complication of sickle cell anemia requires transport to the nearest facility designated for treatment of that? condition, if? available?
A.
Jaundice
B.
Acute chest syndrome
C.
Destruction of the spleen
D.
Stroke
D.
Stroke
The most frequently transplanted organ is? the:
A.
liver.
B.
pancreas.
C.
kidney.
D.
heart.
C.
kidney.
What is the purpose of the red blood? cells?
A.
They are responsible for the removal of oxygen from the cells.
B.
They are critical in response to infection and are mediators of the? body's immune response.
C.
They are responsible for the delivery of oxyg
C.
They are responsible for the delivery of oxygen to the cells.
You are dispatched to a private residence for a sick person. When you? arrive, you are told by the patient that due to the snow storm? yesterday, he missed his scheduled appointment at the dialysis center and is not feeling well. Your assessment does not
D.
Place the patient in a supine position.
Which of the following medications does NOT interfere with the? blood-clotting process?
A.
Aspirin
B.
Acetaminophen
C.
Warfarin
D.
Clopidogrel
B.
Acetaminophen
How long does a typical hemodialysis treatment? last?
A.
1 to 2 hours
B.
3 to 4 hours
C.
7 to 8 hours
D.
10 to 12 hours
B.
3 to 4 hours
Patients who dialyze at home are at high risk for what type of? infection?
A.
Peritonitis
B.
Decubitus ulcers
C.
Cellulitis
D.
Fistula infection
A.
Peritonitis
Which of the following organs may be ruptured in sickle cell? anemia, which often subsequently leads to severe? infections?
A.
Lungs
B.
Liver
C.
Kidneys
D.
Spleen
D.
Spleen
You are dispatched to an unconscious hemodialysis patient. On arrival to the dialysis? clinic, the patient is? unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. You secure the? ABCs, begin? ventilation, and initiate chest compressions.? However, the? patient's cardiac
D.
begin transporting and contact an ALS intercept. The? patient's dysrhythmia may be related to kidney failure.
Sludging red blood cells in a patient with sickle cell anemia can cause all of the following conditions EXCEPT which? one?
A.
Sickle cell pain crisis
B.
Priapism
C.
Cancer
D.
Stroke
C.
Cancer
Two chronic medical conditions that dialysis patients frequently have in addition to kidney failure are? ________ and? ________.
A.
?hypertension; diabetes
B.
high? cholesterol; cerebral aneurysms
C.
heart? failure; stroke
D.
blood? clots; COPD
A.
?hypertension; diabetes
You suspect a patient who has been having a difficult time controlling the bleeding following a small laceration to the foot may have a history? of:
A.
poorly controlled diabetes.
B.
high blood pressure.
C.
taking blood thinners.
D.
sickle cell anemia.
C.
taking blood thinners.
What is possibly the MOST common disease process to affect the renal and urinary? system?
A.
Acute renal failure
B.
Urinary tract infections
C.
?End-stage renal disease
D.
Kidney stones
B.
Urinary tract infections
One of the most effective and widely available drugs to prevent the aggregation of platelets? is:
A.
hemoglobin.
B.
anemia.
C.
plasma.
D.
aspirin.
D.
aspirin.
When assessing a patient with a history of chronic sickle cell anemia? (SCA), you should MOST expect hypoxia if the patient? has:
A.
acute chest syndrome.
B.
sickle cell pain crisis.
C.
priapism.
D.
jaundice.
A.
acute chest syndrome.
You are dispatched to a private residence for a sick person. You arrive and find a? 47-year-old male patient who recently completed his peritoneal dialysis and complains of severe abdominal pain that is worsened by movement. One of the more serious compli
C.
The? patient's dialysis fluid appears cloudy when it is drained from the peritoneal cavity.
There are two main types of? dialysis, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. The main difference between them? is:
A.
hemodialysis filters the blood and peritoneal dialysis filters the urine.
B.
hemodialysis filters the urine and peritoneal dialysis filte
C.
hemodialysis is usually done at a special facility and peritoneal dialysis is usually done at home.
Dialysis patients who have missed an appointment may present with signs of? ________, which is a similar presentation to? ________.
A.
neurological? disturbances; stroke
B.
shortness of? breath; pneumonia
C.
pulmonary? edema; congestive heart failure
D.
c
C.
pulmonary? edema; congestive heart failure
The? kidney's major functions do NOT? include:
A.
delivery of oxygen to the tissues.
B.
removal of waste products.
C.
retaining needed fluid during dehydration.
D.
filtration of blood.
A.
delivery of oxygen to the tissues.
How often do most peritoneal dialysis patients require? treatment?
A.
Once a day
B.
Once a week
C.
Three to five times a week
D.
Multiple treatments a day
D.
Multiple treatments a day
Hemodialysis is used to remove? ________ and excess? ________.
A.
?urine; carbon dioxide
B.
?blood; cholesterol
C.
?electrolytes; hormones
D.
?toxins; fluids
D.
?toxins; fluids
What is the difference between acute and chronic renal? failure?
A.
Acute renal failure is? life-threatening, but chronic renal failure is not.
B.
Chronic renal failure is? sudden, whereas acute renal failure develops gradually.
C.
Acute renal failure is?
C.
Acute renal failure is? sudden, whereas chronic renal failure develops gradually.
How would you define? anemia?
A.
The process by which toxins and excess fluid are removed from the body by a medical system independent of the kidneys
B.
A lack of a normal number of red blood cells in the circulation
C.
The loss of the? kidneys' ability
B.
A lack of a normal number of red blood cells in the circulation
Which one of the listed items below is NOT a function of the? blood?
A.
Control of bleeding by clotting
B.
Removal and delivery of other waste products to organs that provide filtration and removal
C.
Filtration of the blood
D.
Delivery of oxygen to the c
C.
Filtration of the blood
Once you encounter uncontrolled bleeding from an? A-V fistula, which of the following methods would you consider using to control bleeding in addition to direct pressure and? elevation?
A.
Internal wound management
B.
Pressure points
C.
Hemostatic dressin
C.
Hemostatic dressings
What is continuous ambulatory peritoneal? dialysis?
A.
A faster process than hemodialysis
B.
A mechanical process for peritoneal dialysis
C.
A method of reversing kidney damage
D.
A gravity exchange process for peritoneal dialysis
D.
A gravity exchange process for peritoneal dialysis
Which of the following pathologies make patients at high risk for acute renal? failure?
A.
Polycystic kidney disease
B.
Shock
C.
Uncontrolled diabetes
D.
Hypertension
B.
Shock