This kind of medicine treats the whole person. (Physical, Mental, Spiritual)
Holistic
Relatively severe, episodic (short duration) and often treatable
Acute
Less severe, but long and continuous. Can be controlled but can lead to serious complications
Chronic
The market tells us what type of healthcare we need. If a service is not being used, there will not be a lot of that particular service.
Market Justice
Individual responsibility for health.
Benefits are based on individual purchasing power.
Rationing based on ability to pay.
Limited obligation to the collective good.
Market Justice
Healthcare viewed as a social resource.
Requires active government involvement.
Single payer system.
Highly controlled by government.
Social Justice
Ability to pay is inconsequential to receiving medical care.
Right to free medical care.
Everyone entitled to basic package of benefits.
Social Justic
Three distinct time periods of health care's evolution
-Preindustrial Era
-Postindustrial Era
-Corporate Era
Quality care and Access to care is very low in -
Rural Areas
Quality of care is lower than typical but access to care is pretty standard in -
Urban Areas
Covers only the very poor.
Medicaid
Covers all elderly persons, nonelderly disabled persons, and nonelderly persons with end-stage renal disease.
Medicare
For hospitalization and short-term nursing home stay. Financed through social security taxes.
Part A Medicare
For physician and other outpatient services. Subsidized through general taxes, but participants pay part of the premium costs.
Part B Medicare
Nationally uniform program
Medicare
Program varies from state to state. Income criteria established by states.
Medicaid
Both ___ and ___ provide financial support to private and public institutions for biomedical research.
AHRQ
NIH
A mechanism of providing health care services where a single organization takes on the management of: Financing, Insurance, Delivery, Payment. (Supply side rationing)
Managed Care
The provider is paid a fixed monthly sum per enrollee, often called a per member, per month (PMPM) payment.
Capitation
Care rendered to patients who come to the physicians office, clinics, or outpatient surgery
Ambulatory Care
A hospital that has achieved specialization and offers a wide scope of services. These centers often engage in teaching and research.
Medical Centers
Creation of medicare and medicaid
1965
Curtailed inpatient utilization. Emphasizes early discharge and outpatient services.
Managed Care
50% of all U.S. hospitals are
private nonprofit
____ Garned enormous buying power by enrolling a large segment of the insured population
MCOs (Managed Care Organizations)
Who are stakeholders?
Anyone who is impacted by the organization. Physicians, healthcare professionals, managers, insurers and more
The 4 Ps (Major Stakeholders)
Patient (Most important)
Provider
Payer
Policymaker
Difference in wants and needs between the 4 P's
Conflict of Interests
Allows the market to determine when services are rendered.
Market Justice
Quality can be improved while reducing costs. Cookie cutter diagnoses. Eliminate ambiguity in treatment.
Evidence Based Care
Absence of illness and disease. Person free of symptoms, does not require medical treatment.
Health
Emphasizes illness rather than wellness
Medical model
__ Concepts of healthcare, along with ___ and health promotional efforts, need to be adopted to significantly improve the health of Americans
Holistic
Preventive
_._._'s hold the promise of encouraging patient-centered care and further developing the patient-centered care model.
ACO
____ _____ requires : Management of utilization. Limit reimbursement to providers. Supply side rationing
Cost Control
An issue with the ACA system is it's primary focus on ____ illnesses.
Acute
An issue with the ACA system is it's inadequate access to _______ care. (Overuse of ERs)
Primary
Patient-centered care that emphasizes chronic care by employing evidence-based guidelines. (While being accountable for the quality of care provided)
Medical Home Model
Blending primary care delivery with a population-based approach to identify and address community health problems.
Community Oriented Primary Care
T/F - Nurses should not be allowed to practice to the full extent of their education and training and take on more to handle the deficit.
F - They should take on more.
T/F Unifying license requirements across states for advanced practice nurses is a good idea for the growing issues with future healthcare.
T - Very good idea
_____ Need to be trained in community health, public health and ______
Nurses
Geriatrics
_____ Need training to function as comprehensivists as well as preparation to manage complex pharmacology, understand end-of-life issues and medical ethics, and lead health care teams.
PCP's
_____ and _______-_______ changes to clinical and organizational practices will drive greater efficiency and quality in healthcare.
Technological
Evidence-Based
The US ______ _________ is increasingly influenced by and modeled after systems and practices in other developed countries.
Healthcare Market
Practitioners, payers and policy makers need to become _______.
Stakeholders
Computer-based models will help incorporate ____ into medical decision making.
EBM (Evidence Based Medicine)
The vulnerability model is ______. It focuses on the total population rather than on the traits of _______.
Comprehensive
Subpopulations