cardiac output
cardiac output equation
CO = SV x HR
4-8L/min
preload
afterload
venous return
increase
decrease
decreased
increased
decreases
pressure gradient
velocity
decreases
increases
bernoulli's principle
angina
ischemia
unstable angina
sudden cardiac arrest
myocardial infarction
heart failure
ECG
stent
blood test
cardiac enzymes
creatine kinase
magnetic resonance imaging