frontal lobe
problem solving, memory, judgement
parietal lobe
perception, sensory input
temporal lobe
language, emotion
occipital lobe
visual processing
brocas area
speech production
werneke's area
speech comprehension
premotor cortex
controls motor actions through sensory output
somatosensory cortex
receives all sensory input from the body
cerebellum
regulates motor movements
cerebrum
largest part of the brain and deals with thought and action
pons
breathing, communication between different parts of the brain, and sensations such as hearing, taste, and balance
medulla oblongata
breathing, digestion, and other autonomic functions
spinal cord
connects PNS to brain, and sends nerve impulses to the brain
corpora quadrigemina (inferior/superior colliculi)
located in the midbrain; contains reflex centers for vision and auditory reflexes.
pineal gland
regulates hormones (melatonin)
Thalamus
relay motor and sensory signals to the cerebral cortex
Hypothalamus
controls maintenance functions such as eating; helps govern endocrine system; linked to emotion and reward
gyrus
A ridged or raised portion of a brain surface.
sulcus
narrow groove (depression)
longitudinal fissure
separates cerebral hemispheres
transverse fissure
separates cerebrum from cerebellum
optic chiasm
An X-shaped connection between the optic nerves, located below the base of the brain, just anterior to the pituitary gland
corpus callosum
integrate motor, sensory, and cognitive performances between the cerebral cortex on one side of the brain to the same region on the other side
olfactory bulbs
two projections just under the front of the brain that receive information from the receptors in the nose located just below
dura mater
thick, outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord
pia mater
the delicate innermost membrane enveloping the brain and spinal cord.
white matter
connect various grey matter areas of the brain to each other, and carry nerve impulses between neurons
grey matter
The portions of the central nervous system that are abundant in cell bodies of neurons rather than axons, and includes regions of the brain that deals with muscle control and sensory perception