-attention
The process of responding to a stimuli; usually some consciousness of responding is implied.
-cause and effect pattern
an organizational pattern in which the speech is divided into two parts; cause and effects. It is especially useful when you wish to demonstrate casual connection between two events or elements.
-delivering outline
A brief outline of a speech that the speaker uses during the actual speech presentation.
-high context cultures
A culture in which much of the information in communication is in the context or in the person rather than explicitly coded in the verbal messages.
-low context cultures
A culture in which most of the information in communication is explicitly stated in the verbal message.
-motivated sequence
An organizational pattern for arranging the information in a discourse to motivate an audience to respond positively to the speaker's purpose.
-orientation
In public speaking, a preview of what is to follow in the speech.
-outline
A blueprint or pattern for a speech.
-preparation outline
A thorough outline (or blueprint) of the speech.
-problem solution pattern
An organizational system often useful in persuasive speeches in which the speaker presents the problem and then the solution.
-impromptu speech
A speech that is unprepared; you speak without any specific preparation or advance thinking.
-alliteration
A figure of speech in which the initial sound in two or more words is repeated.
-irony
The use of a word or sentence whose literal meaning is the opposite of that which is intended.
-immediacy
A degree of closeness to another person or an audience.
-rate
The speed with which you speak.
-extemporaneous
A speech that is thoroughly prepared and organized in detail and in which certain aspects of style are predetermined.
-pauses
Silent periods in the normally fluent stream of speech.
-pronunciation
The production of syllables or words according to some accepted standard; as presented, for example, in a dictionary.
-metaphor
A figure of speech in which there is an implied comparison between two unlike things.
-rhetorical question
A figure of speech in which a question is asked to make a statement rather than to secure an answer.
-informative speaking
A speech designed to communicate information to an audience rather than to persuade.
-levels of abstraction
The different levels of specificity ranging from the highly abstract to the very specific.
-speeches of definition
An informative speech devoted to explaining the meaning of a concept.
-speeches of demonstration
A speech in which the speaker shows the audience how to do something or how something operates.
-speeches of description
A speech in which you explain an object, person, event, or process.