Gas Laws
A set of relationships between the pressure, volume, kelvin temperature and moles of a gas
Boyle's law
At constant T and n, the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related
P1V1=P2V2
Always convert to kelvin
Charles Law
At constant P and n the volume of a gas is directly related to its kelvin temperature
V1/T1=V2/T2
Gay-Lussac
At constant V and n, the pressure of gas is directly related to its kelvin temperature
P1/T1=P2/T2
2 variable gas law
PV/T=PV/T
Avogadro's law
the volume of a gas depends upon the moles of particles
V1/N1=V2/N2
Universal gas Law
PV=nRt
Gases do not follow PV=nRt under 2 conditions
1. High Pressure (100's of times atm) The volume must be small and the volume occupied by gas particles can not be ignored
2. Low Temperature: Particles move slowly and exert intermolecular forces on neighboring particles. This affects the pressure measur
When high pressure and low temperature are present a gas is referred to as ________. When PV=nRt is used the gas is said to be ________.
real
ideal
Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure
In a mixture of gases, the total pressure is equal to the sum of the individual partial pressures
Pt=P1+P2+P3.....
Graham's Law of Diffusion
The speed of a gas particle is inversely related to the square root of its mass
Any to gas particles at the same temperature their KE avg is equal
Va/Vb=(rad)Mb/Ma