ideal gas law
PV = nRT
What law has assumptions of fixed amount and temperature?
Boyle's Law (Remember: Boyle=boil-temperature)
What is the formula for Gay Lussac's Law?
P1/T1 = P2/T2
A student increases the temperature of a 200 cm3 balloon from 60�C to 120�C. What will the new volume of the balloon be?
236 cm3
In a reaction between vinegar and antacid tablets, the antacid is the limiting reagent. At constant pressure and temperature, three tablets produce 600 cm3 of gas. What volume will five tablets produce? (3 points)
1000 cm3
Four isotopes of the same gas (A, B, C, D) effuse through a barrier in these times: A = 0.21 s, B = 0.20 s, C = 0.08 s, and D = 0.12 s. Which isotope has the lowest molecular mass?
C
You breathe in 6.0 L of pure oxygen at 298 K and 1,000 kPa to fill your lungs. How many moles of oxygen did you take in? (Use the ideal gas law: PV = nRT where R = 8.31 L-kPa/mol-K.)
2.42 moles
At STP, consider a gas in a container of 22.4 L. How many mols are in the container?
1 mol
Convert 50�C to Kelvin.
323K
combined gas law
(P1V1) / T1 = (P2V2) / T2
Which substance is most viscous? Water, Mercury, carbon tetrachloride or glucose?
Glucose
As you blow up a balloon, why does it increase the pressure assuming constant temp?
The number of molecules increases.
Define: Viscosity
having a relatively high resistance to flow, resistance to flow
What is the most viscous substance?: Metals, ionic compound, molecular cmpds, hydrogen bonded cmpds
molecular cmpds,
What law has assumptions of fixed amount and pressure?
Charles's Law (remember, Charles's is under pressure)
Increasing the total pressure above a liquid _______ the boiling point.
raises
Why does increasing the total pressure above a liquid increase the boiling point?
The amount of kinetic energy required for the molecules to break free of the intermolecular forces in the liquid is raised
What type of solid most efficiently conducts electricity?
metals
How many moles of a gas sample are in a 10.0 L container at 373 K and 203 kPa?
0.66 moles
critical point
a point at which if you go above, you can no longer distinguish between a liquid and a gas
The average speeds of gas molecules in cylinders A, B, C, and D are 0.0002 m/s, 0.03 m/s, 0.5 m/s, and 0.8 m/s, respectively. Which cylinder contains gas that is closest to absolute zero?
A
3.0 L container holds a sample of hydrogen gas at 150 kPa. If the pressure increases to 2 atm and the temperature remains constant, what will the volume be?
2.25 L
Trimix 10/50 is a gas mixture that contains 10% oxygen and 50% helium, and the rest is nitrogen. If a tank of Trimix 10/50 has a total pressure of 2.07 � 104 kPa, then what is the partial pressure of nitrogen?
8.3 � 103 kPa
A gas effuses 4.0 times faster than oxygen (O2). What is the molecular mass of the gas?
2.0 g/mol
What law has assumptions of fixed amount and volume?
Gay Lussac's Law
A reaction requires 22.4 L of gas at STP. You have 25.0 L of gas at 101.5 kPa and 373 K. Why can't you complete this reaction? (Use the ideal gas law: PV = nRT where R = 8.31 L-kPa/mol-K.)
You do not have enough gas for the reaction.
The pressure of air inside a sealed, rigid, metal can at 100�C is 150 kPa, and the atmospheric pressure is 101.5 kPa. You quickly cool the can to 0�C. What will happen to the can's pressure? Will it be crushed?
The pressure inside will decrease, but the can may not be crushed by the atmospheric pressure.
You collect hydrogen gas over water at 323 K. The partial pressure of hydrogen is 122.4, and the total pressure is 134.7 kPa. What is the pressure of the water vapor? (Use Dalton's law.
12.3 kPa
_________ forces allow bauxite and calcite substances to be the less fluid than glass, rubber and mercury.
intermolecular
You have four fixed-volume containers at STP.
Container A has 2 mol of gas in 22.4 L.
Container B has 1 mol of gas in 22.4 L.
Container C has 0.5 mol of gas in 11.2 L.
Container D has 2 mol of gas in 11.2 L. Which of the four containers have equal pressur
B and C
At STP, consider a gas in a container of 1 mol. How many liters are in the container?
22.4 L
Which point on a phase diagram do you have a solid, liquid and a gas simultaneously?
triple point
the formula for kelvin
K=C + 273
Absolutes zero
0 kelvin, -273 Celsius, -459 Fahrenheit, At temperatures near 0 K, nearly all molecular motion ceases
What is STP?
standard temperature and pressure, 1 atm, 273K