What time period is Hidegard of Bingen from?
Middle Ages
What are facts about HIldegard?
Made a saint, wrote 77 songs, german, tithes to the church
What time period is Leonin from?
Middle ages
What are some facts about Leonin?
French, priest and poet as well as composers, embellised plaintchant, transcription of organum
What time period is De Machaut from?
Middle Ages,
What are some facts about Machuat?
French, wrote sacred and secular music, first to write polyphonic music
What time period is Du Fay from?
Renaissance
Waht are some facts about Du Fay?
From burgundy, used well defined melodies and clear cut rhythms, moved away from medievil works
What time period is Josquin from?
Renaissance
What are some facts about Josquin
Wrote secular and sacred works, best motet writer, wrote motets for mass, greatly impacted following composers
What time period is Giovanni Palestrina from?
Renaissance
What are some facts about Giovanni Palestrina?
Savor of church music, wrote mostly sacred, italian, wrote over 100 works
What time period is Arcadelt from?
Renaissance
What are some facts about Arcadelt?
Helped develop italian madrigal, wrote sacred and secular works
What time period is Lassus from?
Renaissance
What are some facts about Lassus
Had an international profile, used word painting, was knighted by the pope
What time period is Giovanni Gabrieli from?
Renaissance
What are some facts about Giovanni Gabrieli?
First composer to indicate dynamics, first to write specifically for an instrument
What were traveling musiciancs called in Northern France
Trouveres
What were traveling musicins called in Souther France
Troubadours
What were traveling musicians called in Germany
Minnesingers
Music written in the language of the people is written in the.....
Vernacular
What stringed instrument was the most popular in the Renaissance and middle ages
Lute
What is imitation?
Musical ideas exchanged between voices
What is a Cantus Frimus
A fixed melody used as the basis for a piece
What is a liturgy
Order of the church service and structure of each service
What is a motet
A sacred work with latin text for use in the mass or other religious ceremonies
What is a neume
A note symbol
A single line melody, monophonic in texture, and free flowing text is called.......
Plainchant/Gregorian Chant
A two voice polyphony where the second voice moves at paralel 4th and 5ths is called
Organum
What is word painting?
Making the music directly reflect the meaning of the words
During which period does polyphonic music reach its peak
Renaissance
Who were Gregorian Chants named after? Where was he from?
Pope Gregory the Great. Rome Italy
Was instrumental music in the middle ages notated?
No
Which two countries wrote madrigals
Italy and England
What is a madrigal?
An aristocratic form of peotry and music
What are some madrigal characteristcs
Short poem, written about love, 5-6 voices,
During which period did music really seek to express the text
Renaissance
During the Middle Ages, what were the two SERVICES in the church/monasteries
Offices and Mass
With motets, what was the most popular text topic
The Virgin Mary
Did Instrumental music start to come into its own and have solo works during the Renaissance period?
Yes
In the middle ages, what was the most powerful and influlential institution in Eruope
The Church
What Renaissance invention made a huge impact on the distribution of music, literature, and ideas?
The printing press
How were instruments divided into two categories, what were they called and where was each played?
Haut - Outside
Bas - Inside
Describe chivalric love.
Faithful knight loving from afar, she inspires him to do noble duties
What are the 5 parts of the Mass
Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei
What is the difference between the music of the Protestant church and the Catholic church in the Renaissance?
Catholic was polyphonic and Protestant was non polyphonic. Catholic had professional singers and protestant was congregational
Why did composers use old chants in their new compositions
They believed new should be based from the old
Why was the Renaissance the golden age from choral music? Name at least 3 reasons.
A capella, lots of different forms, instruments being standardizes, most music written during this time
What were the four main vocal genres of the Renaissance
Chanson, Madrigal, Mass, And Motet
What are 3 things the Greek and Romans contributed to music?
Music effects emotion, lyre, music philsophy, thought music was a central part of education, octave and ration
How did composers lives change from the Middle Agees to Renaissance
Travel was easier, they could have an international following, they could work in lots of places, could write both sacred and secular
What influece did the text have on Renaissance music
Clarity, dictates from of poetry, word painting, more lyrical
What are the 3 ways voices can move in organum
Parallel, oblique, and contrary
Why did composers/musicians need to develop notation
More exact pitches and durations, as well as ability to add more detail, spread music easier
Why doesn't mushc of the middle ages secular music survive today
It wasn't recorded until the 15/16 centuries, the church was in charge of what go surivived, and they chose the sacred music from the church
What did Palestrina have to do with the Council fo trent
Showed that polyphony could be understood and reverent, saved polyphonic music
Describe the French Chanson, what are its characteristics
3-4 voices, courtley love, word painting, shaped by text, a french song
What were two ways instrumental music was used in the Middle Ages and Renaissance
Church and at tournaments and gatherings, entertainment, ceremonies
Name 3 popular dances?
Ronde, Allemande, Galliard