Mitosis
part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides
Cytokinesis
Division of the cytoplasm during cell division
Chromatid
one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome
Centromere
Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
Interphase
period of the cell cycle between cell divisions
cell cycle
series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
Centriole
One of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
spindle
fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes during mitosis
Prophase
1st and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the poles.
Metaphase
second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
Anaphase
the 3rd phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite sides of the poles
Telophase
4th and final phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material
Cancer
Disorder in which some of the body's cells lose the ability to control growth
Nucleotide
monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
base pairing
principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and guanine and cytosine
Chromatin
granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins
Chromosome
A threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic into that is passed from one generation of cells to the next
Replication
Copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA
DNA polymerase
enzyme that "proofreads" new DNA strands, helping to ensure that each molecule is a nearly perfect copy of the original DNA
Mitosis
part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides
Cytokinesis
Division of the cytoplasm during cell division
Chromatid
one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome
Centromere
Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
Interphase
period of the cell cycle between cell divisions
cell cycle
series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
Centriole
One of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
spindle
fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes during mitosis
Prophase
1st and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the poles.
Metaphase
second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
Anaphase
the 3rd phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite sides of the poles
Telophase
4th and final phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material
Cancer
Disorder in which some of the body's cells lose the ability to control growth
Nucleotide
monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
base pairing
principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and guanine and cytosine
Chromatin
granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins
Chromosome
A threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic into that is passed from one generation of cells to the next
Replication
Copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA
DNA polymerase
enzyme that "proofreads" new DNA strands, helping to ensure that each molecule is a nearly perfect copy of the original DNA