High Flow systems
fixed performance
provides reliable & exact FiO2
O2 range for high flow devices
Aerosol masks - 100%
Brigg's adapter (T piece) - 100%
Trach collar - 100%
Face tents - 100%
Venturi mask - 24-50%
Air Entrainment Ratios
100% = 1:0
60% = 1:1
50%= 1:1.7
40%= 1:3
35%= 1:5
30% = 1:8
28% = 1:10
24%= 1:25
mixing two gas sources
FiO2 = (FiO2 x lpm air) + (Fio2 X lpm O2)/total flow
Non-Rebreather mask
with 3 valves can deliver 100% O2 if:
mask is tight fitting, flow from device is sufficient, permanent bag
used to deliver 100% O2 in an emergency
Venti Mask or AEM (air entrainment mask)
delivers precise FiO2
HIOX
disposable high FiO2 mask
consistently delivers 80% at 8 lpm w/out air entrainment ports
High Flow Therapy (HFT)
flows exceed pt's inspiratory needs
now can be done with a NC
High Flow Nasal Cannula
flows 5-40 lpm
humidity content 55 mg/L @ 35-41 C
higher FiO2 & flows are tolerated via nasal cannula due to heated humidity
Ex: Vapotherm 2000i
Aerosol Devices
High flow systems - fixed performance
mist should always be visible on peak inspiration, if not, increase flow or change to double bottle system
High FiO2 O2 masks
delivers >80% O2 consistently at 8 lpm
750 ml reservoir bag
no air entrainment ports
foam around nose for better seal