Identify type of gas, chemical symbol, color, taste, odor, can support life, flammability, density at STPD, indication of use, and method of production for Oxygen, Room Air, Nitrogen, Helium, Carbon Dioxide, Nitric Oxide, and Nitrous Oxide.
-OXYGEN is a therapeutic gas, O2, colorless, odorless, tasteless, transparent, nonflammable but supports combustion, produced by fractional distillation, molecular filtration (physical separation), density is 1.429, can support life, treats hypoxemia. -RO
Identify the date and person(s) responsible for discovery of oxygen
Discovered by Priestly in 1774.
Define Fractional Distillation and Molecular Filtration.
Both are methods of producing large amounts of oxygen. FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION is the most common and least expensive, first atm air is filtered to remove pollutants, water and CO2. The purified air is liquefied by compression and cooled by rapid expansio
Identify the term used to describe a helium and oxygen mixture and it's indication.
Heliox, can support life and treats airway obstruction, because it's low density it decreases the work of breathing by making gas flow more movable and is used for PFT to determine lung volume and diffusion capacity.
Differentiate between the regulatory agencies and how they are involved in manufacture, storage, and delivery of medical gases.
DOT manufacturing of gas and storage system.
NFPA regulates safety of storage system and design, constructs, placement and use of bulk oxygen system
FDA food and drug and cylinder label
CGA creates safety feature for cylinder, safety index connections and
Identify the two forms of oxygen and the method of storage.
Gas and liquid. Method for storing include portable supply system (cylinder and portable liquid vessel) and bulk supply system (cylinder bank and bulk liquid vessel)
Identify the products used for construction of cylinders.
Carbon steele (3A), aluminum, heated-treated tempered alloy-steel (3AA)
Identify the color coded used for each gas: O2, CO2, Air, He, NO, N2O.
O2- Green, CO2-Gray, Air-Yellow, He-Brown, NO-Teal and black, N20-Blue
Define the types of high-pressure safety relief valves.
Frangible metal disk- ruptures at specific pressure.
Fusible plug- melts at specific temperature
Spring-loaded- opens and vents gas at a set high temperature.
Differentiate between safety index connections.
American Standard Safety System (ASSS) used for threaded high-pressure connections between large compressed gas cylinders and is used for sizes F-H/K.
Pin Index Safety System (PISS) used for cylinders with a yoke type of connection, typically used for sma
Identify the pin-placement ports for air and oxygen.
Air- 1&5 O2- 2&5
Differentiate between single and multistage reducing valve and present and adjustable reducing valve.
PRESENT provides fixed pressure, used for high-pressure gas cylinders. ADJUSTABLE not only 50psig and can be changed with a threaded hand control, varies from 0psig-100psig commonly used with a bourbon type flow gauge. MULTISTAGE can be present or adjusta
Differentiate between the three types of flow meters.
FLOW RESTRICTORS is the simplest and least expensive, fixed orifice calibrated present pressure, used in any position, present reducing valve, uncompensated, can't be used with all equipment, used in home care and patient transport.
BOURDON GAUGE is alway
Differentiate between compensated and uncompensated flow meter.
PRESSURE COMPENSATED refers to the design that prevents changed in downstream resistance or backpressure from affecting meter accuracy, flows at 50psig.
PRESSURE UNCOMPENSATED more gas flows than indicated on the scale, flows at atmospheric pressure.
Describe method for determining cylinder volume (how much oxygen is in a cylinder). Calculate duration of flow for a gas cylinder. Differentiate between total time and safe run time.
Duration of flow=contents/flow
Duration of flow(mins)=pressure*tankfactor/flowrate
safe run time= subtract 200.
Describe the function of portable liquid oxygen vessels.
Used in homecare situations, requires reservoir for filling, vents continuously, it's oxygen content is 1L of liquid oxygen is equal to 860L of gaseous oxygen and weighs 2.5lbs, safer than cylinders, temperature requirement is -181.1F or -118.8C.
Duration of flow for liquid cylinder.
Amount of gas flow=liquid weight*860/2.5
Duration of flow=amount of gas flow/flowrate
Discuss Bulk Supply Systems
Bulk oxygen systems are initially expensive but cheaper in the long run, less prone to interruption, liquid or gas, but liquid more common, oxygen flows from central source through facility through piping systems, very convenience and eliminates hazard of
Discuss Gas Bulk Supply (alternating supply system/cylinder manifold system and alternating supply system with reserve)
-Alternating supply system/cylinder manifold system consist of large cylinders (H, K) it has primary bank and reserve bank, when pressure in primary bank decreases reserve bank is automatically switched to, have pressure reducing valves and low pressure a
Identify Gas Bulk Supply VS Liquid Bulk Supply.
Gas bulk supply is provided by cylinders, types are alternating supply system/cylinder manifold system and alternating supply system with reserve.
Liquid Bulk Supply requires a backup system.-Liquid bulk 02 system used for most health care facilities, sma
Describe manifold piping system (cleaned? requirements? station outlets? safety? connection)
Manifold piping system connects station outlets to bulk supply system and is especially cleaned with copper, requirements include pressure reducing valves, zone (shut off) valves, pressure relief valves, low pressure alarms. The station outlets contains o
Describe the function of station outlet compressed air and vacuum.
COMPRESSED AIR, central air system is similar to oxygen piping system, instead of cylinder bank, it utilizes air compressor.
VACUUM SYSTEM contains a vacuum pump, utilized for airway suctioning and apply to suction to orogastric, nasogastric, and chest tu
Discuss Helium, Nitrous Oxide, Nitric Oxide.
-Helium is a good conductor of heat, light, electricity, but is poorly soluble in water and is chemically and physiologically inert (unable to move)
-Nitrous Oxide is a CNS depressant, only dangerous levels of N20 provides true anesthesia. N20 & O2 are al
Discuss Cylinder Sizes. (Small and Large)
E-AA are small. F-H & K are large.
Identify filling density.
Filling density is the ratio between the weight of liquid gas put into the cylinder and the weight of water the cylinder could contain if full.
Identify Zone valves.
Zone valves is an on/off piping valve that controls medical gas distribution to a zone of a building in case of a fire.
Differentiate between H cylinder (or large cylinders) and the E cylinders (or small cylinders). CONSIDER: Valve outlet, cylinder size, safety relief valve, safety index connection, cylinder size/tank factor
-H has a threaded valve outlet, has 244ft3 of oxygen, has a spring loaded safety relief valve, has a ASSS, is 3.14L/psig, alternating supply system/cylinder manifold system.
-E cylinders have a post-valve with a yoke connector, has 22ft3 of oxygen, has fu