PGY1 Flash Cards

In ppl 18 yrs or older, what is the most useful sign for appendicitis?

Fever

Quick facts about Class I hemorrhagic shock

BP is fine

Quick facts about Class II hemorrhagic shock

Tachycardic, narrowed pulse pressure

Quick facts about Class III hemorrhagic shock

New onset hypotension

Quick facts about Class IV hemorrhagic shock

Letheragic/comatose + hypotension

Most likely organisms in acute diabetic foot infxn

Staph aureus
Streptococci

Most common herniation of the brain

Subfalcine

What is the most common sign of a subfalcine herniation?

Gait abnormalities

Formula important in brain injuries?

CPP = MAP - ICP

Cushing reflex sings

HTN
Bradycardia
Irregular breathing

Basilar Skull fracture signs

Temporal bone fx
Raccoon eyes
Hematotympanum
Battle sign
CSF
Hearing probs
Vertigo

MC skull bone of the basilar skull fracture

Temporal bone

Le Fort Type Classifications

Type 1 = Mobile Palate
Type 2 = Mobile Nose
Type 3 = Mobile Face

Le Fort Type I fracture pattern

Below nose

Le Fort Type II fracture pattern

Thru inferior orbits

Le Fort Type III fracture pattern

Thru zygomatic arch

MC mandibular fracture

Condylar

Nasal bridge tenderness

Septal hematoma

A common sign for Le Fort Type III fractures

CSF Rhinorrhea

Which zone of the neck is the MC penetrating neck injury?

Zone II

Borders of Zone II of neck

Cricoid and Angle of mandible

Hard signs of a penetrating neck injury

HARD Bruit
- HypoTN
- Arterial bleed
- Rapid expanding hematoma
- Deficit (pulse/neuro)
- Bruit

What is Wellen's syndrome?

Occlusion of LAD

EKG pattern of Wellen's syndrome

Deeply inverted or biphasic T waves in V2-3

What are the compartments of the leg?

Anterior
Lateral
Superficial posterior
Deep posterior

What is the formula for delta pressure?

deltaP = Diastolic BP - compartment pressure

Calcium for hyperkalemia lasts...

1 hr

Discharge characterization of Nec Fasc

Dirty dishwater

Tx for Nec Fasc

Vanc + Zosyn + Clinda

Signs of flexor tenosynovitis

BEST
Bend finger
Extension pain
Sausage digits
Tender tendon

CXR for Aortic Dissection

Mediastinal Widening
Obscure Aortic Knob

Pulmonary contusion tx

Repeat CXR 6 hr
Supportive

MC complication of pulmonary contusion

PNX

Flail chest tx

Intubate

Sternal fractures are associated with...

Myocardial Contusion
Mediastinal hematoma

Indications for doing ED thoracotomies?

Penetrating trauma + Witnessed loss of vitals

When do you do a thoracotomy for hemothorax?

Unstable
Chest tube > 1500cc
Chest tube > 200c/h
Air leak

MC organ injury in GSW

Small bowel

MC organ injury in stab wound

Liver

Mechanism of injury of Diaphragmatic injury

MVA
Stab wound

Bike handle bar MC organ injury

...

When do you do DPL

Unstable and have no US

Bike handlebar injury, what organs are inured?

Duodenum
Pancreas

How long does it take for meconium to pass a baby?

6 days

How much should infants eat?

Months Age in Ounces q2hrs

How long does it take for babies to get their weight back after birth?

2 wks

How long does it take for the umbilical cord to fall out?

2 wks

Posterior urethral injuries are cause by

Pelvic fracture

Bladder rupture is associated with what kind of injury?

Pelvic fracture

Nexus criteria

Cervical midline
Pain, distracting
Altered
Intoxicated
Deficits in neuro

C Spine

Jefferson Bit Off A Hangman's Tit
Jefferson (C1),
Bilat facet dislocation,
Odontoid,
Atlantoaxial dislocation,
Hangmans,
Teardrop

Lap belt injuries are associated with what kind of fractures?

Chance fracture

If patient has blast injury and has tympanic membrane perforation, what is the next best step?

CXR to look for blast lng

White woman with chest pain at night

Prinzmetal's angina

Which EKG leads represent the LAD artery?

V1-V4

ST Elevation in V1-V4 represents infarction in what region of the heart?

Anterior

What EKG leads represents the left circumflex artery?

I, aVL, V5, V6

ST Elevation of I, aVL, V5, V6 represents an infarct in which region of heart?

Left lateral

Posterior MI have ST depressions in

V1-V3

Succinylcholine dose

2 mg/kg

LEMON mnemonic

Look
Evaluate 3-3-2
Mallampati
Obstruction
Neck

Don't give WPW patients...

Adenosine

What are the most rightward leads on the EKG?

III and V1

What is the most common complication of inferior MIs?

Blocks

Complications of Right ventricular MIs

Hypotension
Mobitz I