What is the difference between high and low flow O2 therapy
Low flow is varible and does not meet the demand of the pt. High flow the FiO2 is fixed and meets the demand of the pt
What happens to the FiO2 during inspiration on a low flow system
The FiO2 gets diluted therefore the FiO2 is less
What FiO2 flow is considered low concentration
<35%
What FiO2 flow is considered high concentration
>60%
Name the low flow devices
Nasal cannula, catheter, masks-simple, non-rebreather, and partial, reserviors
What is the FiO2 range for the cannula
24%-44%
What are the factors for low flows systems
Vt 300-700ml
RR<25
Normal breathing pattern
What are the flow rates for the cannula
0-6 l/min
What are flow rates & FiO2 for simple mask
30-60%
5-10 l/min
What are the flow rates & FiO2 for partial mask
40-70%
bag inflate
What are the flow rates & FiO2 for the nonbreather
80-100% (depending) Never 100% usually will have to do a cannula and the non breather
flow- until bag inflate
What are some advantages of low flow systems
Easy
comfortable
can eat/talk
inexpensive
catheter-good for short procedures
What are some disadvantages of low flow system
Can cause irritation, dryness, bleeding
policy humdify after 4 l/min
reservior- frequent replacement and no humdification
Catheter- affects secretion
What are some things you would trouble shoot for a low flow system
obstruction-nasty nose or line plugged
displacement-side of the face
Irritation
Which mask would be best to treat CO poisoning
Non-breather
it gives the highest percentage of FiO2
Can you use a simple mask on a pt who has a broken nose at 3 l/min and why
no, because the min flow is 5 l/min
When would you use a high flow system
Cheyne strokes
RR < 25
Larger than 700 ml Vt
What is the formula for high flow/magic box
(I+E) x VE/magic box
Magic box x flow meter setting
What are some advantages of high flow systems
constant predicable FiO2 and can control the humidity and temperature
What would be a factor you would use a non-breather
severe asthma attack
CO posioning
how would you trouble shoot a non-breather mask that is not deflating on inspiration
check and make sure the mask isn't leaking
check the flow (maybe starting flow is too high)
make sure pt is breathing
What is a disadvantage of high flow system
Distal flow-blocks obstruct line you will not know the amount of FiO2 delivered to the pt
True or False: a low-flow system is always less than 10lpm
False
Before entering the romm to start O2 therapy, you must verify?
the physicians orders- verify the order is was put and correct