Brain Stem
the portion of the brain that is continuous with the spinal cord and comprises the medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain, and parts of the hypothalamus, functioning in the control of reflexes and such essential internal mechanisms as respiration and heartbeat
Medulla
hindmost section of the brain
controls heart beat and breathing
Reticular formation
a network of neurons in the brainstem involved in consciousness, regulation of breathing, the transmission of sensory stimuli to higher brain centers, and the constantly shifting muscular activity that supports the body against gravity
Thalamus
the middle part of the diencephalon through which sensory impulses pass to reach the cerebral cortex
Cerebellum
a large portion of the brain, serving to coordinate voluntary movements, posture, and balance in humans, being in back of and below the cerebrum and consisting of two lateral lobes and a central lobe.
Amygdala
a ganglion of the limbic system adjoining the temporal lobe of the brain and involved in emotions of fear and aggression
Limbic System
a ring of interconnected structures in the midline of the brain around the hypothalamus, involved with emotion and memory and with homeostatic regulatory systems
Frontal Lobe
Either of the paired lobes of the brain lying immediately behind the forehead, including areas concerned with behavior, learning, personality, and voluntary movement
higher order thinking
Parietal Lobe
Either of the paired lobes of the brain at the top of the head, including areas concerned with the reception and correlation of sensory information
receives sensory input for touch and body position
Occipital Lobe
The rearmost lobe in each cerebral hemisphere of the brain
vision processing
Temporal Lobe
Each of the paired lobes of the brain lying beneath the temples, including areas concerned with the understanding of speech
auditory processing
Motor Cortex
The parts of the cerebral cortex in the brain where the nerve impulses originate that initiate voluntary muscular activity
Sensory cortex
any part of the brain that receives messages from a sense organ (like the eyes, nose, tongue, or ears) or messages of touch and temperature from anywhere in the body
Left hemisphere
Language
Math
Logic
Right hemisphere
Spatial abilities
Face recognition
Visual imagery
Music
HYPOTHALAMUS
A PART BELOW THE THALAMUS AND IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ORCHESTRATING SEVERAL MAINTENANCE BEHAVIORS- EATING, DRINKING, BODY TEMPERATURE- ALSO HELPS GOVERN THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (GLANDS THAT PRODUCE HORMONES) USING THE PITUITARY GLAND, ALSO INVOLVED IN FEELING EMO
HIPPOCAMPUS
PART OF THE BRAIN (PART OF THE LIMBIC SYSTEM) THAT IS VITAL FOR THE FORMATION OF MEMORIES
CORPUS CALLOSUM
CONTAINS THE LARGEST BUNDLE OF NERVE FIBERS IN THE BRAIN AND CONNECTS THE TWO HEMISPHERES OF THE BRAIN- IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ALLOWING THE TWO HEMISPHERES TO COMMUNICATE WITH EACH OTHER
PITUITARY GLAND
PART OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM- A SMALL STRUCTURE LOCATED JUST BELOW THE HYPOTHALUMUS- RELEASES HORMONES THAT AFFECT GROWTH AND INFLUENCES THE ACTIVITIES OF OTHER GLANDS- OFTEN REFERRED TO AS MASTER GLAND
SPINAL CORD
THICK CORD OF NERVE TISSUE WITHIN THE SPINAL CANAL ENCLOSED WITH THE VERTEBRAL- DESCENDS FROM BASE TO BRAIN- BRANCHES TO FORM THE NERVES THAT CONVEY MOTOR AND SENSORY IMPULSES
Cerebral Cortex
It plays a key role in memory, attention, perceptual awareness, thought, language, and consciousness.
Glial Cells
protect the nervous system
snapsyse
connection of two neurons
CT scan
uses x rays to view the brain
MRI
anatomical; uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer images
FMRI
blood flow; technique for revealing blood flow and brain activity by comparing successive mri scans
cingulate gyrus
belt ridge" in the middle important to attention and cognitive control
Basal Ganglia
voluntary motor control
people suffering with from Parkinson's have problems with this
Hypothalamus (4 terms)
anger- fight
scared-flight
hunger-feed
sexual-arousal
Broca's Area
excessive language
Wernick's Area
receptive language
EEG
Electrodes on the scalp create brainwaves
PET
Uses radioactive glucose and lights up when brain parts activate