Binary
The binary number system is base 2, using only bits 0 and 1.
What is 11101110 in denary
128 + 64 + 32 + 8 + 4 + 2 = 238(denary)
What is a binary digit commonly referred to?
a bit
Denary/Decimal
the base-10 number system, probably the most commonly used number system. (numbers 0-9)
Convert 107 to binary
01101011
What is a byte?
8 bits
What is a nibble?
4 bits
Number of bytes in 1 kilobyte (KB)
1024 bytes (2^10)
Number of bytes in 1 megabyte (MB)
1048576 bytes (2^20)
Number of bytes in 1 petabyte (PB)
1125899906842624 bytes (2^50)
Number of bytes in 1 gigabyte (GB)
1073741824 bytes (2^30)
Number of bytes in 1 terabyte (TB)
1099511627776 bytes (2^40)
Example use of binary
8 - bit register is can be used to control movement of the wheels on a robot vacuum cleaner
Hexadecimal
A base-16 number system that uses sixteen distinct symbols 0-9 and A-F to represent numbers from 0 to 15.
Convert 1011 1110 0001 to Hexadecimal
BE1
What is binary 0000 in denary
0
What is binary 0001 in hexadecimal
1
What is binary 0001 in denary
1
What is binary 0011 in denary
3
What is binary 0010 in hexadecimal
2
What is binary 0101 in denary
5
What is binary 0010 in denary
2
What is binary 0011 in in hexadecimal
3
What is binary 0111 in hexadecimal
7
What is binary 0100 in Hexadecimal
4
What is binary 0100 in denary
4
What is binary 0101 in Hexadecimal
5
What is binary 0110 in hexadecimal
6
What is binary 0110 in denary
6
What is binary 0111 in denary
7
What is binary 1000 in hexadecimal
8
What is binary 1000 in denary
8
What is binary 1001 in hexadecimal
9
What is binary 1001 in denary
9
What is binary 1010 in hexadecimal
10
What is binary 1010 in denary
A
What is binary 1011 in hexadecimal
B
What is binary 1011 in denary
11
What is binary 1100 in hexadecimal
C
What is binary 1100 in denary
12
What is binary 1101 in hexadecimal
D
What is binary 1101 in denary
13
What is binary 1110 in hexadecimal
E
What is binary 1110 in denary
14
What is binary 1111 in hexadecimal
F
What is binary 1111 in denary
15
Covert hexadecimal 45A to binary
0100 0101 1010
Convert hexadecimal C8F to denary
(256 x 12) + (16 x 8) + (1 x 15) = 3215
5 uses of hexadecimal system
1. Memory dumps
2. Hyper Text Mark-up Language (HTML)
3. Media Access Control (MAC)
4. Web addresses
5. Assembly code and machine code
Memory Dump
Output of memory contents onto the printer or screen. Usually represented in hexadecimal.
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
the written code that creates Web pages and links; a language all computers can read
What is HTML often used to represent
colours of text by change of values
e.g.
# FF 00 00 represents primary colour red
Media Access Control (MAC)
MAC address refers to the network interface card (NIC) which is part of the device. MAC address is usually made up of 48 bits which are shown as six groups of hexadecimals digit.
Types of MAC address
1. Universally Administered MAC address (UAA)
2. Locally Administered MAC address (LAA)
web address
the address of a web page on the world wide web. Also called a URL
Example use of ASCII
Use of ASCII is the representation of a web address such as www.hodder.co.uk
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
ASCII are codes that can be represented using hexadecimals or decimal values.
Why is hexadecimal used in assembly code and machine code
-Easier
-Faster
-Less prone to error
What is machine code a assembly code
they are low-level languages and are use by software developers when producing, for example, video games