number
A unit of an abstract mathematical system subject to the laws of arithmetic
natural number
The number 0 and any number obtained by repeatedly adding 1 to it
negative number
A value less than 0, with a sign opposite to its positive counterpart
integer
A natural number, a negative of a natural number, or zero
rational number
An integer or the quotient of two integers (division by zero excluded)
base
The foundational value of a number system, which dictates the number of digits and the value of digit positions
positional notation
A system of expressing numbers in which the digits are arranged in succession, the position of each digit has a place value, and the number is equal to the sum of the products of each digit by its place value
binary digit
A digit in the binary number system; a 0 or a 1
bit
a binary digit
byte
8 bits
word
A group of one or more bytes; the number of bits in a word is the word length of the computer