What is normal flora in genital/vaginal/cervical cultures that resembles GC?
Moraxella osloenisis (Moraxilla sp)
Moraxella osloenisis
found in vaginal specimens, OX +, GN diplococci, but glucose negative (does not ferment glucose)
Capnophilic organisms require
extra CO2
Moraxilla (Branhamella) catarrhalis
grows on nutrient agar at 37*C, is Dnase + and negative for fermentation with all the carbs, CAT and OX +
N. gonorrhoeae is kept best when transported to lab in
Jembec system
When gonorrhea is resistant to standard treatment another drug used is
spectinomycin
In recent years gonorrhea has become R to penicillin and is called
Penicillinase producing diplococci
Test used to aid in the detection of N. lactamica is
beta galactosidase test
Test that distinguishes N. lactamica and menigitidis
lactose
Thayer-Martin and Martin-Lewis differ from each other due to the inhibitor
anisomycin
Purpose of vancomycin in TM and ML agar is to
Inhibit GP bacteria
Purpose of nystatin and anisomycin in TM and ML agar is to
inhibit yeast
Modified Thayer-Martin contains
vancomycin, colistin, nystatin, & trimethoprim
N. gonorrhoeae appears as
flat, gray colonies and on GS is gram negative, coffee bean shaped diplococci
When bacteria that you KNOW should be gram negative looks gram positive, what does that say about your GS technique?
You undercolorized
Waterhouse-Friderichsen is caused by
N. meningitides
Most common serotypes of N. men found in the U.S. are
A, B, C
Which Neisseria tends to autolyse if left in room air too long
gonorrhoeae
Test used to distinguish OX + colonies growing on ML agar & also the Neisseria sp
carb ferm test
All Neisseria sp are OX +
True
Organism is OX +, GN diplococci, gluc & maltose +. but sucrose & lactose -. What is it?
N. meingitidis
The CO2 tablet in JEMBEC system is made of
bicarbonate and citric acid
If a urethral smear shows GNC, in pairs with flattened side within the PMNs, how is it reported?
Intracellular GN diplococci
Under what conditions are CTA media incubated?
Non CO2, 35*C for 24 hrs
What is a major cause on nongonococcal urethritis in both males & females?
Chlamydia
Form of PID that causes blocked fallopian tubes is?
Salpingitis
When you have a small volume of CSF which plate is most important to culture?
CAP
95% of meningitis is due to these organisms
H. flu, N. men, S. pneumo
A small GPR that causes meningitis & speiciemia in newborns is
Chryseobacterium
#1 cause of meningitis in newborns is
#2 cause is
GP B strep (S. agalactiae); E. coli
A CSF on a newborn, based on answer to #36 would show what biochemical rxns
CAMP +, bacitracin and bile esculin neg
Epidemic outbreaks of newborn meningitis are often caused by
Chryseobacterium
Elderly, immunocompromised people often have meningitis from (Also causes chronic meningitis)
M. tuberculosis. Also causes chronic meningitis
Aseptic meningitis is caused by what?
Viruses, tumor, drugs, chemicals
What type of meningitis is most associated with CONS and Corynebacterium?
Shunt associated
Toxoplasma gondii is a major cause of CNS infections in what population?
AIDs patients
Which tube of the CSF collection is used for the cell count?
Which for microbiology?
3; 2
Crytococcus neofromans in CSF is detected by?
India Ink Test
The Quellung test is used to ID what organisms?
N. men, H. flu, S. pneumo
What pathogens need at lease 10mL of CSF for ID?
Mycobacterium and Crytococcus
If CSF has to be held before culture, at what temp?
If only limited time, which test should be done 1st?
35*C +/-1; Culture and gram stain
Symptoms of meningococcal meningitis?
Stiff neck, rash, high fever
In what age group do the majority of CSF infection occur?
Children <5