BCBA ROUND 2

Conceptually Systematic

behavior change interventions are derived from basic principles of behavior

Generalization

extends behavior change across time, settings, or other behaviors

Analytical

functional relationship is demonstrated; believability is it sufficient to prove and reliable

Mentalism

an approach to explaining behavior that assumes an inner dimension exists and causes behavior

4 branches of behavior analysis

CASE
Conceptual Analysis of Behavior
ABA
Behavior Service Delivery
Experimental Analysis of Bx (EAB)

ABA

refers to behavior analysts that create behavior-change tactics that can increase behavior and teach/maintain it.

Behavior Service Delivery

refers to many people in various fields of work who are implementing ABA within their fields

Experimental Analysis of Behavior

conducted in laboratories; research on basic process and principles

What are the 2 types of behavior

respondent and operant

Respondent Behavior

elicited, involuntary, reflex

Habituation

presented repeatedly the responder behavior diminishes

Otogenic

learning that results from an organisms interactions with his/her of the response

6 Attitudes of science

(DEERPP)
Determinism
Empiricism
Experimentation
Replication
Parsimony
Philosophical doubt

3 Principles of Behavior

PER:punishment, extinction, reinforcement

4 Ways to acquire information for assessment

COIT: checklists, observation, interviews, tests

Reactivity

the effects of the assessment process on the behavior of the individual being assess (self-monitoring most obtrusive). When observation is obvious to the individual

Habilitation

individual is able to access short and long term reinforcers, assess meaningful change

Behavior Cusps

open new doors or opportunities to experience their world; repertoire expands

Pivotal behaviors

bridge to performing other behaviors without having already been trained; so critical once you learn it will to lead more complex behaviors

Repertoire

all behaviors that an individual can do; a collection of knowledge and skills a person has learned

Operant

response-consequence relationship

5 types of positive reinforcers

EATSS: Edible, Activity, Tangible, Social
Sensory

Experimentation

requires manipulating variables to see the effects on the DV; assessment to determine if one event caused another event

Empiricism

FACTS, based on data based scientific approach, observation

Behaviorism

the philosophy of the science of behavior; environmental explanation

Parsimony

simplest and logical explanations must be ruled out before considering more complex explanations, simplest theory

3 levels of scientific understanding

DANA PRIYA CAN: description, prediction, control

Description

systematic observations

Prediction

correlation; 2 events can happen at the same time

Control

functional relationship; highest level

Hypothetical Construct

presumed but unobserved entities; free-will, readiness,

Explanatory Fictions

fictions variables that are another name for the observed behaviors ; knows, wants, figures

Normalization

the belief that people with disabilities should, to the maximum extent possible be physically and socially integrated into mainstream society; Mainstreaming

Operant Contingency

the occasion for a response (SD), the response, and the outcome of the response; the dependency of a particular consequence on the occurrence of the behavior

Operant Behavior

voluntary action, emit; any behavior whose probability is detained by its history of consequences

Adaptation

reductions in responding evoked by an antecedent stimulus over repeated or prolonged presentations

Respondent Conditioning

when a new stimuli acquire the ability to elicit respondents ( US--> UR) (NR+US)= (CS--> CR)

Phylogenic

Behavior that is inherited genetically; respondent behavior is due to this

Conceptual Analysis of Behavior

Examines philosophical, theoretical, historical, & methodological issues

Technological

Defines procedures clearly and in detail so they are replicable (like a recipe).

Behavioral

observable events, must be a behavior in need of improvement

Applied

The behavior targeted for change must be socially significant behavior that will improve the person's life.

7 dimensions of ABA

GET A CAB (generality, effective, technological, applied, conceptually systematic, analytic, behavioral)

Philosophical Doubt

having healthy skepticism and a critical eye about results of studies and work with clients

Replication

repeating experiments; used to determine the reliability and usefulness of findings; how scientists discover mistakes, self-correcting

Determinism

3 Cause and effect. Lawfulness: If/Then statements. The world is orderly and predictable.

3 types of stimulus classes

FTF (Formal, Temporal,Functional)

Formal

physical features (size, color, spatial positions)

Temporal

Time

Functional

a functional analysis of their effects on behavior

Positive Reinforcement

Type 1; process that occurs when a behavior is immediately followed by the presentation of a stimulus that increases the future frequency of the behavior

Negative Reinforcement

Type II; a process that occurs when a behavior is followed immediately by the reduction or removal of a stimulus that increases the future frequency of the behavior

Punishment

When the response is followed immediately by a stimulus that decreases the future frequency of similar responses

3 Types of Nervous Systems

proprioceptive, interoceptive, exteroceptive

Propioceptive

Balance/Movement

Interoceptive

Internval events; headache/hunger

Exteroceptive

Five Senses

Response

single instance of behavior

Behavior

set/class of responses

4 Functions of Problem Behavior

SEAT( Sensory, Escape, Attention
Tangible)

4 conditions of FA

Contingent Attention, Contingent Escape, Alone, Play(Control)

Stimulus Class

a group of antecedent stimuli that has a common effect on a operant class; members evoke or abate the same behavior

4 Phases of Intervention

A PIE (Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation)

validity

The ability of a test to measure what it is intended to measure

accuracy

the extent to which the observed value matches the true state of the event as it exists in nature; represents the true value of something

reliability

consistent measurement; the closer the values obtained by repeated measurement of the same event are to one another, greater the reliability

Echoic

a type of verbal operant that occurs when the speaker repeats the verbal behavior of another. point to point correspondence and formal similarity

Point to point correspondence

When the beginning, middle, and end of the verbal stimulus match the beginning, middle, and end of the response.

formal similarity

when the controlling antecedent stimulus and the response share the same sense mode and physically look exactly the same ( both are either visual, auditory, or tactile

Mand

a type of verbal operant in which the speaker asks for (or states, demands, implies, etc.) what he.she needs or wants. controlled my MO's. first operant acquired by humans

Regular Mand

mands that can actually be reinforced

extended mand

emitting mands to object or animals that cannot possible supply an appropriate reinforcing response (telling a car to move on the freeway)

superstitious mands

an extended mand in which reinforcement sometimes occur incidentally.

magical mand

an extended man in which the reinforcement has NEVER occurred in the past. WISHING

Intraverbal

a verbal operant in which the speaker differentially responds to other people. Answering a question. do not have point to point correspondence

Tact

a type of verbal operant in which the speaker names things and action that the speaker has a direct contact with through any of the sense modes. labeling the environment when the object, event, stimulus is present in your environment. ( for exam if the pe

solstice extension

poor use of language / slang

metaphorical extension

metaphors

metonymical extension

verbal r�ponses to novel stimulus that share none of the relevant features of the original stimulus

textual

reading written words. reading without any implications that the reader understands what is being read.

transcription

taking dictation. writing and spelling words spoken to you.

Codic

verbal SD,
point-to-point correspondence,
no formal similarity
(textual and transcription)

duplic

Verbal operant under antecedent control of verbal stimuli with point-to-point correspondence & formal similarity (echoic)

autoclitic

an SD or an MO for additional speaker verbal behavior.