Stigma (3)
An attribute that is deeply discrediting. A language of relationships, not attributes, is really needed.A special kind of relationship between attribute and stereotype.
Discredited (4)
a stigmatized individual whose differentness is known about already or is evident on the spot
Discreditable (4)
a stigmatized individual whose differentness is neither known about by those present nor immediately perceivable by them
Secondary gains (10)
a stigmatized individual who uses his stigma as an excuse for ill success that has come his way for other reasons. For example, the man who gets his harelip fixed "finds that life is not all smooth sailing even for those with unblemished 'ordinary' faces.
Mixed contacts (12)
the moments when stigmatized and normal are in the same 'social situation,' that is, in one another's immediate physical presence, whether in a conversation-like encounter or in the mere co-presence of an unfocused gathering
Own vs. wise (19)
own = "those who share his stigma and by virtue of this are defined and define themselves as his own kind". wise = persons who are normal but whose special situation has made them intimately privy to the secret life of the stigmatized individual and sympa
speakers (24)
appear before various audiences of normals and of the stigmatized, they present the case for the stigmatized and, when they themselves are natives of the group, provide a living model of fully-normal achievement, being heroes of adjustment who are subject
profession out of stigma (27)
someone who is a little more vocal, a little better known, or a little better connected than his fellow sufferers, a stigmatized person may find that the 'movement' has absorbed his whole day and that he has become a professional
courtesy stigma (30)
the individual who is related through the social structure to a stigmatized individual - a relationship that leads the wider society to treat both individuals in some respects as one. Persons with a courtesy stigma provide a model of "normalization," show
moral career (32)
similar learning experiences regarding their plight and similar changes in conception of self - both cause and effect of commitment to a similar sequence of personal adjustments. One phase = learns and incorporates the standpoint of the normal. Another ph
affiliation cycles (38)
Oscillations in support of, identification with, and participation among his own. Cycles through which he comes to accept the special opportunities for in-group participation or comes to reject them after having accepted them before.
passing (42) (73)
management of undisclosed discrediting information about self. the concealment of creditable facts
prestige symbols (43)
symbols that can establish a special claim to prestige, honor, or desirable class position - a claim that might not otherwise be presented or, if otherwise presented, then not automatically granted
stigma symbols (43)
signs which are especially effective in drawing attention to a debasing identity discrepancy, breaking up what would otherwise be a coherent overall picture, with a consequent reduction in our valuation of the individual.
disidentifiers (44)
a sign that tends - in fact or hope - to break up an otherwise coherent picture but in this case in a positive direction desired by the actor, not so much establishing a new claim as throwing severe doubt on the validity of the virtual one
personal identity (51)
the assumption that the individual can be differentiated from all others and that around this means of differentiation a single continuous record of social facts can be attached, entangled, like candy floss, becoming then the sticky substance to which sti
social identity (59)
the embodied signs previously considered, whether of prestige or stigma. your identity according to society
biographical others (66)
the unknowing are those for whom the individual constitutes an utter stranger, someone of whom they have begun no personal biography
double biography (78)
those who knew him when and those who know him now each thinking that they know the whole man
in-deeper-ism (83)
pressure to elaborate a lie further and further to prevent a given disclosure
techniques of information control (91)
ways of managing what people know about you. covering your stigma or present the signs of their stigma as signs of another attribute
ego identity (106)
first of all a subjective, reflexive matter that necessarily must be felt by the individual whose identity is at issue
nearing (108)
the individual's coming close to an undesirable instance of his own kind while "with" a normal
minstrelization (110)
the stigmatized person ingratiatingly acts out before normals the full dance of bad qualities imputed to his kind, thereby consolidating a life situation into a clownish role
normification (110)
those fellows who, without actually making a secret of their stigma, engage in careful covering, being very careful to show that in spite of appearances they are very sane, very generous, very sober, very masculine, very capable of hard physical labor and
in-group alignment (112)
groups of like-situated individuals, the aggregate formed by the individual's fellow-sufferers who are likely to have to suffer the same deprivations as he suffers because of having the same stigma; his real "group," in fact, is the category which can ser
out-group alignment (114)
the individual's own group, then, may inform the code of conduct professionals advocate for him. the stigmatized individual is also asked to see himself from the point of view of a second grouping: the normals and the wider society that they constitute
good adjustment (121)
the stigmatized individual cheerfully and unselfconsciously accepts himself as essentially the same as normals, while at the same time he voluntarily withholds himself from those situations in which normals would find it difficult to give lip service to t
phantom acceptance (122)
he is advised to reciprocate naturally with an acceptance of himself and us, an acceptance of him that we have not quite extended in the first place. a phantom acceptance is thus allowed to provide the base for phantom normalcy.
the normal deviant (131)
even where an individual has quite abnormal feelings and beliefs, he is likely to have quite normal concerns and employ quite normal strategies in attempting to conceal these abnormalities from others
two headed role playing (134)
the stigmatized does not so much demonstrate some kind of chronic distance the individual has from himself as it demonstrates the more important fact that a stigmatized person is first of all like anyone else, trained first of all in others' views of pers
mental chunks (5)
we transform the natural world into a social one by carving out of it mental chunks we then treat as if they were discrete, totally detached from their surroundings
decontextualization (6)
separating things from the context in which they are embedded is the basic model for mental differentiation in general.
spatial partitions (7)
divide more than just space - the lines that mark off supposedly insular chunks of space often represent the invisible lines that separate purely mental entities such as nations or ethnic groups from one another, and crossing them serves to articulate pas
temporal differentiation (10)
temporal boundaries often represent mental partitions and thus serve to divide more than just time (holy days, on/off duty, vietnam)
frames (10)
framing is the act of surrounding situations, acts, or objects with mental brackets that basically transform their meaning by defining them as a game, a joke, a symbol, or a fantasy (ex. play - the essence of play lies in a partial denial of the meanings
lumping and splitting (21)
grouping 'similar' items together in a single mental cluster - sculptors and filmmakers ("artists"), murder and arson ("felonies"), foxes and camels ("animals"). At the same time, it also involves separating in our mind "different" mental clusters from on
cognitive tranquility (34)
the rigid mind cherishes sharp, clear-cut distinctions among mental entities. Leads a vigorous campaign against "the in between, the ambiguous, the composite", in an attempt to create a "world without twilight". Supposedly mutually exclusive mental entiti
deep anxiety, panic (35)
manifests at the very idea that supposedly insular mental entities might actually "touch" one another. Being situated within several mental fields at the same time, intermediate entities necessarily defy the either/or logic underlying the perceived mutual
the sociological imagination (2)
enables its possessor to understand the larger historical scene in terms of its meaning for the inner life and the external career of a variety of individuals.
biography/history (3)
biography is the history of an individual and history is the biography of the world
troubles/issues (4)
troubles occur within the character of the individual and within the range of his immediate relations with others; they have to do with his self and with those limited areas of social life of which he is directly and personally aware.
issues have to do wi
gemeinschaft (63)
All intimate, private, and exclusive living together, so we discover, is understood as life in Gemeinschaft (community). Gemeinschaft with one's family, one lives from birth on, bound to it in weal and woe.
gesellschaft (63)
Gesellschaft (society) is public life�it is the world itself.