Professor Gordon finds that students who read newspapers daily display more knowledge of current events than students who do not read newspapers daily. What type of evidence does this identification of a cause of behavior exemplify?
Covariation of cause and effect
Scientists often rely on intuition and assertions of authorities to:
Generate ideas for research
Dr. Roussel conducts research to determine whether or not an after-school program improves school performance in fifth-grade children. Dr. Roussel is most likely engaged in _____.
Program evaluation
Which of the following statements is true of the scientific approach to acquiring knowledge?
Both intuition and authority can be sources of ideas about behavior.
The four goals of scientific research on behavior are to:
Describe, predict, explain, and determine the causes of behavior.
_____ is the process by which scientists with expertise in a particular field assess a study before it is published in a top-quality scientific journal.
Peer review
According to Goodstein, which characteristic of scientific enquiry emphasizes that scientists make observations that are accurately reported to other scientists who will follow up on the findings by conducting research that replicates and extends these ob
Scientists are not alone.
Accepting the information in a professor's lecture without considering the credibility of the information exemplifies a belief in _____.
Authority
Kenneth knows that when Jeremy drinks alcohol, he becomes very talkative. This identification of a cause of behavior exemplifies:
Temporal precedence
According to Goodstein, which characteristic of scientific enquiry states that for scientists, knowledge is primarily based on observations and that scientists enthusiastically search for observations that will verify or reject their ideas about the world
Data play a central role
When a person accepts unquestioningly what his or her own personal judgment tells about the world, he or she is relying on _____.
Intuition
_____ is "fake" science in which seemingly scientific terms and demonstrations are used to substantiate claims that have no basis in scientific research.
Pseudoscience
A researcher finds that people who own more than two cars have bigger homes, more garage space, and make more money than people who own only one or two cars. Therefore, the researcher concludes that having more than two cars causes people to have homes wi
Alternative explanations
The fundamental characteristic of the scientific approach is:
Empiricism
Which of the following is an advantage of the scientific approach over other ways of knowing about the world?
Providing an objective set of rules for gathering, evaluating, and reporting information
The statement, "High school seniors with higher SAT scores will have higher GPAs in college" is an example of _____ behavior.
Predicting
Which of the following is the first goal of behavioral science?
Describing behavior
Which of the following goals of science is the most important for changing behavior?
Determination of cause