Elements of Design
visual components used in design-color, form, line, shape, space, texture, value
Principles of Design
organize elements of design-balance, emphasis, movement, proportion, rhythm, unity, variety
Form
that which occupies 3D space
Mass
a solid 3D form
Volume
an empty 3D form
Light
develops a range of values, highlights, textures, forms
Texture
surface characteristics we could feel if we touched something
Actual texture
texture felt physically
Implied texture
simulates an actual physical texture
Contour
surface of a form
Space
3D field an artist works
Activated space
area controlled by 3D piece
Unity
wholeness of a design when all parts work together as a whole
Variety
gives a design visual and conceptual interest
Repetition
a repeated thing
Rhythm
repeated pattern of something
Balance
equilibrium between elements
Asymmetrical Balance
equilibrium with visual elements
Symmetrical Balance
balance when shapes are mirrored
Emphasis
special attention on an aspect of composition
Accent/Focal Point
line, shape, color emphasized
Anomaly
Break from the norm in design
Contrast
difference between composition parts
Proportion
size relationship between parts of a work
Economy
stripping away nonessential
visual weight
inclination of float or sinking based on solidity
Composition
visual elements in a work
Content
what is being depicted
Time
implies change and movement
Actual Time
time based work
Implied Time
illusion of time passing
Representational
objective art
Non-objective
compositions do not rely on visual references
Abstract
does not represent external reality
Found Object
object not intended for art
Readymade
mass produced object
Assemblage
3D material made by combining objects into a whole
In the round
sculpture meant to be seen from all sides
Relief sculpture
work that projects from a background
Bas Relief
figures project only slightly
High Relief
figures project at least half circumference from the background
Dynamic Form
having a sense of movement and change
Static Form
still and unchanging
Kinetic Form
express motion
Additive process
material added
Subtractive process
removing materials
Manipulation
shape by skilled use of the hands
Mold
hollow form filled with material and removed to be in the shape of the mold
Structure
a form that is mathematically based
Armature
support where materials may be used in building or fashioning an image
Base
where the sculpture rests
Maquette
small scale model of an unfinished sculpture