Each of the following is responsible for more animal deaths than research EXCEPT:
a) Use as food
b) Pet euthanasia
c) Motor accidents
d) Hunting
B
Single-celled models for translational research include each of the following EXCEPT:
a) In silico modeling
b) Baker's yeast
c) E. coli
d) Tissue culture
A
Non-vertebrate models for translational research include each of the following EXCEPT:
a) Worms
b) Plants
c) Frogs
d) Fruit flies
C
Mammalian models for translational research include each of the following EXCEPT:
a) Chickens
b) Dogs
c) Macaques
d) Pigs
A
Rodent model for translational research includes each of the following EXCEPT:
a) Guinea pigs
b) Rabbits
c) Pigeons
d) Ferrets
C
An animal model will include the following parameters EXCEPT:
a) Size and timing of the dose
b) Time frame for monitoring the results
c) Route of delivery
d) Markush structure
D
Animal facilities are regulated or accredited by entities including each of the following EXCEPT:
a) PETA
b) AAALAC
c) NIH, NSF
d) IACUC
A
Each of the following is a way to assess pain in a mouse EXCEPT:
a) Weight loss
b) Extended eyes
c) Lack of grooming
d) Vocalization
B
Each of the following is true concerning Dr. Carl Gelhaus who lectured on animal models EXCEPT: a) He helped develop a treatment for Anthrax
b) He works for MRI Global in Kansas City
c) He worked in West Africa during the Ebola outbreak 5 years ago
d) He
D
Each of the following is an aspect of refinement (one of the three Rs) in animal testing EXCEPT:
a) Enrichment
b) Improved pain control
c) Animal sharing
d) Personnel training
C
The FDA is responsible for regulating each of the following EXCEPT:
a) Medical devices
b) Health insurance
c) Cosmetics
d) Tobacco
B
Each of the following is a decision from the FDA important for translational research EXCEPT:
a) IBC
b) IND
c) NDA
d) Pre-Market Approval (devices)
A
An IND will include each of the following EXCEPT:
a) Chemical structure
b) Anticipated side effects
c) Results of animal testing
d) Patent number
D
The FDA encourages meetings with the drug developer at each of the following steps EXCEPT:
a) Before animal trials begin
b) Before clinical trials begin
c) Before phase 3 clinical trials begin
d) After final approval is submitted
A
The package label required by the FDA will include each of the following EXCEPT:
a) Dose based on clinical trials
b) Warnings regarding drug interactions
c) Side effects identified in clinical trials
d) Color and size of pill
D
Each of the following is an FDA program to assist in drug development EXCEPT:
a) Accelerated approval b) Prescription drug user fee
c) New inventor program d) Sentinel initiative
C
Historic problems with drugs include each of the following EXCEPT:
a) Antifreeze components intentionally included in elixir for bacterial infections
b) Morning sickness drug causing birth defects
c) Increase patient IQ
d) Drugs contained morphine, heroin
C
Each of the following is a question that should be part of a regulatory strategy to be developed early in drug development EXCEPT:
a) Is this an unmet medical need?
b) What is the largest amount you can realistically charge for the drug?
c) Will the produ
B
Recent issues that don't fit with traditional FDA regulations include the following EXCEPT:
a) Recall of drugs with long term health consequences
b) Gene therapy
c) Consumers and the internet
d) Biomarkers
A
The FDA will monitor each of the following aspects of manufacturing EXCEPT:
a) Container/closure system
b) Location of manufacturing plant
c) Expiration date
d) Stability
B
Each of the following is a type of patent EXCEPT:
a) Chemical compound patent
b) Utility patent
c) Improvement patent
d) Natural law patent
D
We can protect our intellectual property by each of the following EXCEPT:
a) Patent
b) Publication
c) Copyright
d) Trademark
B
The FDA can grant exclusivity, and adjust the length of the patent, for the following reasons EXCEPT:
a) Pediatric indications
b) Orphan drug/disease status
c) Strong competition
d) New chemical entity
C
Recent legal and financial problems with drugs and patents include each of the following EXCEPT:
a) Theranos diagnostics
b) Mylan Epipen
c) Pfizer and Viagra
d) Martin Shkerli and HIV medications
C
Each of the following are excluded from patents EXCEPT:
a) Laws of nature
b) Trade secrets
c) Physical phenomena
d) Abstract ideas
B
Each of the following characteristics is required for a patent EXCEPT:
a) Novel
b) Marketable
c) Useful
d) Non-obvious
B
Each of the following are myths about patents that are not true EXCEPT:
a) A patent gives you the right to use the invention
b) Unpatented products are unlikely to make a profit
c) Patented products are better than unpatented products
d) New patents can b
B
Each of the following is important to know as an inventor EXCEPT:
a) Keep accurate and complete records
b) Don't disclose your invention
c) Your employers probably have a claim to the invention
d) It is best to use an invention promotion firm
D
Each of the following is a characteristic of a normal curve EXCEPT:
a) Mean and a standard deviation
b) 95% of the data lies within 2 standard deviations of the mean.
c) A p value of 0.05 means that you will be wrong 5% of the time.
d) 86% of data lies wi
D
Each of the following is a characteristic of a linear regression/least squares line EXCEPT:
a) R values range from -1 to 1.
b) An R value of -1 means no correlation.
c) R values reflect the strength of the correlation.
d) Linear regression can indicate a
B
Each of the following is typical numbers for animal modeling EXCEPT:
a) 10 mice per group/condition
b) 3 to 5 macaques total per test (all conditions)
c) Hundreds of fruit flies per test.
d) 10 pigs per group/condition
D
Each of the following is true concerning a Kaplan-Meier Survival Curve EXCEPT:
a) Curve steps down each day
b) Measures survival, starting at 100%
c) Curve steps down on days when there is a death
d) Two curves can be compared for statistical significance
A
Each of the following is true concerning a Power Analysis EXCEPT:
a) Affected by the type of drug you are testing
b) Affected by sample size
c) Affected by how significant you wish the results to be
d) Affected by how large an effect you wish to observe
A
In reality, which is the highest risk to humans?
a) Struck by lightening
b) Ebola
c) Plane accident
d) Car accident
D
Which of the following is the best evidence for a successful drug
a) Case reports
b) Case-control studies
c) Randomized clinical trials
d) Retrospective studies
C
Each of the following creates bias in a meta-analysis EXCEPT:
a) Sums up many research findings
b) Sample size
c) English language
d) Negative effects less likely to be published
A
Each of the following is true in testing a diagnostic for a disease EXCEPT:
a) Specificity measures how often the test is positive for everyone who does not have the disease.
b) Sensitivity measures how often the test is positive for everyone who has dise
A
Each of the following correlations is correct EXCEPT:
a) Sensitivity and specificity are useful for developing diagnostics
b) Power analysis is useful for clinical trials
c) Kaplan-Meier analysis is only useful for animal test
C
Harlen Hays, the data analytics guest speaker, talked about data as each of the following EXCEPT:
a) A tool
b) An industry
c) A way of life
d) A strategy
C
Harlen Hays, the data analytics guest speaker, talked about a data-driven culture that uses data as each of the following EXCEPT:
a) Make data a daily process
b) Regard data as immutable and ever constant
c) Use analytics to drive business decisions
d) Pu
B
A forest plot is used in a meta-analysis to illustrate each individual study, its mean and standard deviation.
a. True
b. False
A
A Relative Risk less than 1 means that you are more likely to have the disease if you have than risk.
a. True
b. False
B
Naturally occurring DNA sequences cannot be patented in the United States
a. True
b. False
A
The United States was the first country to award priority for a patent for "first to file"
a. True
b. False
B
Patents allow you to manufacture your discovery.
a. True
b. False
B
Patents usually last for 20 years from date of filing.
a. True
b. False
A
The FDA usually takes 3 years to review a drug before approving it for use in humans.
a. True
b. False
B
To ensure reduction (one of the 3 Rs), it is important to search published literature to ensure that non-vertebrate animal models do not exist that could be used.
a. True
b. False
A
Computer modeling will NOT replace animal testing in the near future.
a. True
b. False
A
Dogs and cats are the most common type of animal used in animal modeling for research.
a. True
b. False
B