Quantitative Methods Final Extra Content

Central Location

The expected value of a random variable is a measure of ___ ___

Variability

Variance and standard deviation are both measures of ___

Discrete Random Variable

This may assume a finite or Infinite sequence of values, but they must be whole numbers

Continuous Random Variable

This may assume an numerical value in an interval or collection of intervals

Discrete Probability Distributions

This describes how probabilities are distributed over the values of the random variable

Probability Function - provides probability for each value of the random variable

What is a discrete probability distribution defined by?

Success and Failure

What are the two possible outcomes from a binomial experiment?

False

T/F Binomial experiment trials are dependent

True

T/F In a binomial experiment, the probability of express is a stationary assumption

Poisson Probability Distribution

This is often useful in estimating a number of occurrences over a specified interval of time/space.
The probability of occurrence is same for intervals of equal length.
Also, occurence/nonoccurence in any interval is indepedent of other interval results

0

What is the probability of a particular value in a uniform probability density function>?

Normal Probability Distribution

What is the most important distribution for describing continuous random variable

Unformly distributed

A random variable is ___ ___ when probability that that variable will assume a value in any interval of same length is the same for each interval

Binomial and Poisson

What probability distributions deal with discrete numbers?

Uniform
Normal
Exponential

What probability distributions deal with continuous numbers?

True

T/F Normal probability distribution is symmetric and bell-shaped

True

T/F Normal probability distribution is defined by its mean and standard deviation

Mean (same as median and mode)

what is teh highest point on the normal probability distribution?

True

The mmean of a normal probability distribution can be positive negative or 0

Width of the curve (larger deviations have wider flatter curves)

What does the standard deviation determine in reference to the normal probability distribution graph?

Area under the curve (total area = 1)

Probabilities for normal random variable are given by?

Standard normal probability distribution

Random variable distribution having a normal distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1 is a __ __ __ __

Z

What letter is used to designate the standard normal random variable?

Exponential Probability Function

What is useful in describing the time it takes to complete a task?

True

T/F States of nature are collectively exhaustive (at least 1 must occur)

False

T/F States of nature are not mutually exclusive

Payoff Table

WHat shows sequences of all combinations and states of nature

Square

In the decision tree what shape is the decision represented by

Circle

In the decision tree what is a chance represented by?

Optimistic
Conservative
Minimax Regret

What are the three approaches for decision making without probabilities?

Expected Value Approach

What approach is used for decision making with probabilities?

Sensitivity Analysis

What can be used to determine how changes affect the recommended decision analysis

Prior Probabilities

What are probabilities before additional (sample) info?

Prosterior Probabilities

What are probabilities after additional (sample) info?

True

T/F Efficiency is always a number between 0 and 1

Utilities

What are used when decision criteria must be based on more than just expected monetary values?

Utility

This is a measure of total worth of a particular outcome, reflecting decisionmaker's attitute towards a collection of factors

Payoffs can be crazy high or low

When is a utility analysis particularly important?

True

T/F BInomial experiments use a sequence of finite identical trials