Ch. 14 Postwar America

G.I. Bill

Servicemen's Readjustment Act- boosted the economy by providing generous loans to veterans to help them establish businesses, buy homes, and attend college.

Taft-Hartley Act

In 1947 a new and more conservative Congress set out to curb the power of organized labor by passing this act (closed shops were banned).

Appalachia

mountainous region of the U.S. that stretches from Georgia to New York.

Chuck Berry

African American musician who recorded hit rock n' roll songs in the 1950s

Albert Sabin

researcher who developed an oral vaccine for polio

Federal Highway Act

the largest public works program in American history

St. Lawrence Sea-way

public works program created by President Eisenhower

white-collar jobs

work that takes place mostly in offices, instead of in factories

blue-collar jobs

manual labor or factory jobs

generation gap

term for the cultural separation between children and their parents

For most Americans, the 1950s was a decade of incredible _____________.

prosperity

What was one of the most popular shows ever to air on television during the 1950s that was a situation comedy?

I Love Lucy

Name the causes of juvenile delinquency.

poverty, movies, lack of religion, and television

What form of music did rock n' roll grow out of?

rhythm and blues

What did President Truman's Fair Deal Programs do?

increased Social Security benefits, extend benefits to 10 million more Americans, and raise the minimum wage.

Even though for most Americans the 1950s was a time of prosperity, how many Americans lived below the poverty line?

1 in 5 Americans lived below the poverty line

dynamic conservatism

President Eisenhower's political ideology-activism in areas that would benefit the country. President Eisenhower believed in "middle of the road" politics.

Who wrote the play, A Raisin in the Sun?

Lorraine Hansberry

What medical advances occurred in the 1950s?

treatments/vaccines for polio, cancer, and heart disease

What did the suburbs offer?

a better life; a get away from crime and congestion in the city

What was the key factor that enabled the U.S. economy after WWII?

an increase in consumer spending

What efforts began in the U.S. after the launches of Sputnik I and II?

improving math and science

Urban Renewal

programs that tried to eliminate poverty by tearing down slums and erecting high-rise buildings for poor residents

termination policy

a federal government policy launched after WWII intended to bring Native Americans into mainstream society.

Describe a juvenile delinquent in the 1950s.

a stereotype for young Americans who favored unconventional clothing and hairstyles.

Which U.S. president integrated the military in 1947?

President Harry S. Truman

baby boom

An increase in population by almost 30 million people between 1945-1961. This spurred a growth in suburbs and three to four children families.

Why did unemployment soar in rural Appalachia during the 1950s?

the mechanization of coal mining

Why did radios/radio stations flourish during the 1950s?

radios in cars allowed music and entertainment to be heard anywhere.

Sun Studio

Memphis, TN recording studio became the focal point for the crossover of music from R&B to rock and roll. Sun Studio opened in 1950. In 1954 recorded Elvis Presley singing "That's All Right" they sold Presley's contract to RCA in 1956

Stax Records

Originally founded in 1957, this label was a major factor in the creation of southern soul and Memphis soul music styles, also releasing gospel, funk, jazz and blues recording. After the death of their biggest star Otis Redding, this label continued under