Fort Sumnter
Fort attacked by South Carolina starting the Civil War. (April 12, 1861)
King Cotton
cotton and cotton-growing considered, in the pre-Civil War South, as a vital commodity, the major factor not only in the economy but also in politics.
Battle of Bull Run
First major clash of Union and Confederate armies. It showed both armies that the war would not be quick.
Battle Of Antietam
Civil War battle in which the North suceedeed in halting Lee's Confederate forces in Maryland. Was the bloodiest battle of the war resulting in 25,000 casualties
Battle of Gettysburg
Turning point of the War that made it clear the North would win. 50,000 people died, and the South lost its chance to invade the North.
Ulysses S. Grant
an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States (1869-1877). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil War.
Appomattox Court House
Famous as the site of the Battle of Appomattox Courthouse, where the surrender of the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee To Ulysses S. Grant took place on April 9, 1865
Thirteenth Amendment
The constitutional amendment ratified after the Civil War that forbade slavery and involuntary servitude.
54th Massachussets Regiment
African American unit in the Union Army
Jefferson Davis
an American statesman and politician who served as President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history from 1861 to 1865
Dred Scott vs. Sandford
1857 Supreme Court decision that stated that slaves were not citizens; that living in a free state or territory, even for many years, did not free slaves; and declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional
Fugitive Slave Act
Law that provided for harsh treatment for escaped slaves and for those who helped them
Fifteenth Amendment
a constitutional amendment that gave African American men the right to vote
Robert E. Lee
Confederate general who had opposed secession but did not believe the Union should be held together by force
Anacoda Plan
Squeeze" and "Choke" the South out of its resources through blockades of bodies of water
Ironclad
warship covered with protective iron plates
Battle of Shiloh
Confederate forces suprised union troops & drove them across the Tennesee river; union got backup and won the battle but it was one of the most bloody battles in the civil war
Income Tax
Tax paid to the state, federal, and local governments based on income earned over the past year.
Siege Of Vicksburg
1863 Union army's blockade of Vicksburg, Mississippi, that led the city to surrender during the Civil War
Emancipation Proclamation
issued by Abraham Lincoln on September 22, 1862, it declared that all slaves in the rebellious Confederate states would be free
John Wilkes Booth
was an American stage actor who, as part of a conspiracy plot, assassinated Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. on April 14, 1865.
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1853 that highly influenced england's view on the American Deep South and slavery. a novel promoting abolition. intensified sectional conflict.
Confederate States of America
the southern states that seceded from the United States in 1861
Compromise of 1850
Includes California admitted as a free state, the Fugitive Slave Act, Made popular sovereignty in most other states from Mexican- American War
Popular Sovereignty
people hold the final authority in all matters of government
Border State
a slave state that remained in the Union during the Civil War (Maryland, Delaware, Missouri, Kentucky, and West Virginia)
Blockade
a war measure that isolates some area of importance to the enemy
Seven Days' Battle
june 25- july 1, 1862, started lee's great campaign against union, prevented union from capturing the union, virginia, conf. won
Conscription
a military draft
Fourteen Amendment
It states that no state can make or enforce any law which "deprives any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law." Also, states could not "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.&
William T. Sherman
general whose march to sea caused destruction to the south
Abraham Lincoln
16th President of the United States
Secede
withdraw from an organization or communion
Kansas-Nebraska Act
This Act set up Kansas and Nebraska as states. Each state would use popular sovereignty to decide what to do about slavery. People who were proslavery and antislavery moved to Kansas, but some antislavery settlers were against the Act. This began guerrill
1861-1865
Civil War