Industrialization
Development of a system which supports machine production of goods
Andrew Carnegie
Built a steel mill empire; US STEEL
Steel
A form of iron that is both durable and flexible. It was first mass-produced in the 1860s and quickly became the most widely used metal in construction, machinery, and railroad equipment.
Transcontinental
Completed in 1869 at Promontory, Utah, it linked the eastern railroad system with California's railroad system, revolutionizing transportation in the west
Iron, Coal, Oil, Humans
resources
Yellow Peril
A term denoting a generalized prejudice toward Asian people and their customs
1882 Chinese Exclusion Act
Prevent the entry of Chinese laborers for 10 years
Trust/ holding company
a large, powerful company that often is a monopoly
John D. Rockefeller
American businessman - founder of Standard Oil Co. (major monopoly)
Robber barons
Refers to the industrialists or big business owners who gained huge profits by paying their employees extremely low wages. They also drove their competitors out of business by selling their products cheaper than it cost to produce it. Then when they contr
Unions
An association of workers, formed to bargain for better working conditions and higher wages.
Immigration
Migration to a new location
Nativism
A policy of favoring native-born individuals over foreign-born ones
Imperialism
A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries poitically, socially, and economically.
Cuba Libre
Cuban independence and Cuban revolution, declared Cuba free but we still had full control of their decisions and money
Spanish-American War
(1898) A war between the United States and Spain over the control of Cuba. The United States won this war and gained independence for Cuba, and control of the Philippines.
Queen Liliuokalani
the Hawaiian queen who was forced out of power by a revolution started by American business interests
Yellow Journalism
Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers
Remember the Maine
A slogan of the Spanish-American war referring to the sinking of a battleship in Cuba. Stirred up by yellow journalism, this lead McKinley to declare war.
The Philippines
Manila is the capital, mostly an agricultural country
Rough Riders
A voluntary cavalry under the command of Wood and Teddy Roosevelt that supposedly road up San Juan Hill in the Spanish American war.
Protectorate
A country whose affairs are partially controlled by a stronger power.
Territory
Area of land controlled by a nation.
Open Door Policy
A policy of the United States that stated China should be open to all nations that which to trade with them. This policy did not include the consent of the Chinese, and was another form of imperialism.
Sphere of Influence
A foreign region in which a nation has control over trade and other economic activities.
Panama Canal
40+ mile canal built to cut across the isthmus of Panama by United States Army engineers. The first construction began in the 1880s and it opened in 1915. It greatly shortened the sea voyage between the east and west coasts of North America.
Speak softly and carry a big stick
refers to Roosevelt Diplomacy, which allowed for aggressive foreign policy. "big stick" = the US Navy
Progressivism
The movement in the late 1800s to increase democracy in America by curbing the power of the corporation. It fought to end corruption in government and business, and worked to bring equal rights of women and other groups that had been left behind during th
Bull Moose Party
The Republicans were badly split in the 1912 election, so Roosevelt broke away forming his own Progressive Party (or Bull Moose Party because he was "fit as a bull moose..."). His loss led to the election of Democratic nominee Woodrow Wilson, but he gaine
National Parks
Lands set aside by the government in order to preserve them for recreation, education, and preservation
Amendment XVI
(1913) Allows the federal government to collect income tax
Axis Powers
Alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II.
Allies
Composed of France, Britain, and Russia, and later Japan and Italy, the Allies fought the Central Powers in World War I. The United States joined the Allies in 1917, and after major economic and military blows, World War I ended with the Treaty of Versail
Lusitania
A British passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-Boat on May 7, 1915. 128 Americans died. The sinking greatly turned American opinion against the Germans, helping the move towards entering the war.
U Boats
German submarines used in World War I
Neutrality
A refusal to take part in a war between other nations
Trenches
Deep ditches that soldiers would stand in, used on the Western Front during WWI
Treaty of Paris
(1898) treaty that ended the Spanish American war. Provided that Cuba be free from Spain.
14 points
Woodrow Wilson's peace plan, set out before war ended. Points included: people all over the world are to determine their own fate, (self-determination) no colonial powers grabbing nations, free trade, no secret pacts, freedom of the seas, arms reduction,
William McKinley
1897-1901, Republican, supported gold standard, protective tariff, and Hawaiian Islands, assassinated
Theodore Roosevelt
1858-1919. Called TRex. 26th President. Increased size of Navy, "Great White Fleet". Added Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine. "Big Stick" policy. Trust-buster, Panama Canal,
Roosevelt Corollary
Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force, first put into effect in Dominican Republic
William H. Taft
trustbuster" (busted twice as many as Roosevelt), conservation and irrigation efforts, Postal Savings Bank System, Payne-Aldrich Tariff (reduction of tariff, caused Republican split), later Chief Justice of United States
Woodrow Wilson
28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly), Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points
Great Man Theory
based on a belief that certain people are born to become leaders and will emerge in that role when their time comes
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Popularized the use of steel rails in his railroad, A railroad baron: he controlled the New York Central Railroad.
Monopoly
(economics) a market in which there are many buyers but only one seller
Trust
A group of businesses that own every production element from the raw materials to distribution (TRex didn't like trusts because they control something that the population needs. The business was closed off and people couldn't break in, so it was un-Americ
Sherman anti-trust law
a law that prohibited businesses from destroying or limiting competition
Total War
A conflict in which the participating countries devote all their resources to the war effort