Which city is paired with the geographical feature that directly contributed to its growth?
New Orleans - Mississippi River
Which feature of government developed most fully during the colonial era?
representative assemblies
The Mayflower Compact of 1620 is considered an important step in the development of democracy in America because it
expressed the importance of self-government
In the Colonial Era, developments such as the New England town meetings and the establishment of the Virginia House of Burgesses represented
steps in the growth of representative democracy
Which feature must a nation have to be considered a democracy?
citizen participation in government
A republican form of government is described as one in which
representatives are elected by the people
What are John Locke's ideas used in the American Revolution
Life, Liberty, property, revolution
Where did the colonists get the idea of representative government from?
represents a blending of European and American experiences and ideas
What principle was established in the Zenger trial?
freedom of the press
Under mercantilism, the thirteen American colonies were expected to provide Great Britain with
raw materials and markets for British products
The British system of mercantilism was opposed by many American colonists because it
placed restrictions on trading
The pamphlet Common Sense aided the American cause in the Revolutionary War because it
persuaded individuals who were undecided to support independence
The primary purpose of the Declaration of Independence was to
justify to the world the revolt of the American colonies against Great Britain
According to the Declaration of Independence, the purpose of government is to
secure the people in their natural rights
The Declaration of Independence contributed to the development of democracy in that it
suggested that the people are a source of power
The principles of the Declaration of Independence can be described as
part of America's reliance on European thought
Who did most of the writing of the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
Which idea had a major influence on the authors of the Articles of Confederation?
a strong central government threatens the people and the states
What was wrong with governmental power under the Articles of Confederation?
The power of the states greatly exceeded the power of the central government
The government was created under the Articles of Confederation lasted only a few years because the government
lacked the ability to enforce authority
The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 was important because it
provided a process for admission of new states to the Union
Under the provisions of the original United States Constitution, the most democratically selected body was the
House of Representatives
A primary aim of the writers of the United States Constitution was to
strengthen the power of the central government
When John Marshall was Chief Justice, United States Supreme Court decisions tended to strengthen the power of
the National Government
What quote from the Declaration of Independence justifies revolution?
That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of those ends, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it,
According to the Declaration of Independence, where do governments get their power?
from the people
The purpose of the Three-Fifths Compromise which was adopted by the Constitutional Convention of 1787, was to
reduce the fear of loss of representation by Southern States with large slave
populations
During the ratification debates of 1788 to 1791, the activities of the Anti-federalists led to the
addition of the Bill of Rights to the Constitution
The Federalist Papers were a series of newspaper articles published in 1787 and 1788 to win support for the
ratification of the United States Constitution
How does the First Amendment limit the power of government?
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion...or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press...
Disagreement between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson over the interpretation of the Constitution led to the development of the
political party system
What idea did Montesquieu develop that was used in the United States Constitution?
separation of powers
The basic purpose of our constitutional system of checks and balances is to
prevent one branch of government from becoming too powerful
Define federalism
concept of reserved powers, delegated powers, and concurrent powers.
Under the United States Constitution, those powers not delegated to the federal government are
reserved to the states or to the people
Are marriage qualifications a delegated, reserved or concurrent power?
reserved power
Is tax collection a delegated, reserved or concurrent power?
concurrent power
Define "unwritten constitution
political customs and traditions that have become part of the United States Government
In the United States, the electoral college system affects the campaigns of major-party presidential candidates by influencing candidates to
concentrate upon states with large populations
In the United States Government, members of the Cabinet are directly responsible to the
president
The major role of political parties in the United States is to
nominate candidates for public office and conduct campaigns
The expression "due process of law" refers to
the protection given citizens against unfair actions by the government
The decision in the case Marbury v. Madison is important in United States history because the Supreme Court
assumed the power to declare laws unconstitutional
When it came to government intervention in American economics, what was Alexander Hamilton's view?
A strong central government is essential for the economy
Alexander Hamilton's financial plan helped to establish the credit of the United States government by
providing for the payment of the nation's debt
At times, the United States government has passed protective tariffs to do what?
help the nation's manufacturers
President Washington sent a strong message to the country during the Whiskey Rebellion. What was it?
The Central Government will use force when neccesary to enforce it's laws
were two key precedents set by George Washington during his presidency?
foreign policy of neutrality and the use of presidential advisors
In his Farewell Address, President George Washington advised the United States to
avoid permanent alliances with foreign countries
What did the Alien and Sedition Acts and the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions reflect a conflict between?
states' rights and federal supremacy
The term "judicial review" refers to the power of the
Supreme Court to determine the constitutionality of laws
In deciding to purchase the Louisiana Territory, President Thomas Jefferson had to overcome the problem of
contradict his belief in a strict interpretation of the Constitution
What effect did the Louisiana Purchase have on the United States?
It doubled the size of the nation.
The Monroe Doctrine declared that the United States would
view European interference in the Americas as a threat to the national interest of the United States
During the first half of the 19th century, the construction of canals and roads led to the
expansion of trade between Midwestern farmers and eastern merchants
Besides low wages, what was a chief complaint of early factory workers in the United States?
Unsafe working conditions
What invention boosted cotton production in the South?
Eli Whitney's cotton gin
What were the conditions that made the development of the plantation system in the South possible?
the climate and topography supported crops that required a large labor supply
The activities of Nat Turner and Denmark Vesey in the United States indicated that
slave revolts occurred in the South
Before the Civil War, what change in the requirement for voting increased democracy in teh United States?
elimination of property ownership as a requirement for voting in national elections
Define the "spoils system
replacing office holders with members of your own political party
The term "abolitionist" was used to describe a person who
wanted to end slavery
During the 19th century, how did the expansion of the population of the United States affect the lives of the Native Americans?
They were forced to move westward
The Declaration of Sentiments from the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 proclaimed that
all men and women are created equal
Define "manifest destiny
Expansion from coast to coast
The decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) had what effect on abolitionists?
Strengthened their determination to end slavery
What effect did "Bleeding Kansas," the Dred Scott decision, and John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry have on the United States?
made sectional compromise more difficult
To what was Abraham Lincoln referring when he said, "A house divided against itself cannon stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free."?
sectional differences threatened to destroyed the Union
Which event was the immediate cause of the secession of several south states from the Union in 1860?
the election of President Abraham Lincoln
Early in his Presidency, Abraham Lincoln declared that his primary goal as President was to
preserve the Union
What was a major purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation?
help the North win the Civil War
What was a major result of the Civil War in regards to the central government?
The power of the central government was strengthened.
Radical Republicans opposed Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan because it
allowed the election of Confederate leaders in the South.
The 14th and 15th Amendments, passed during Reconstruction, resulted in
increased individual rights for African Americans
Sharecropping was a system of farming most common in
the Southern States after the Civil War
The Reconstruction Era ended when congressional Democrats agreed to the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, and the Republicans promised to
withdraw Federal troops from the South
After the Civil War, the poll tax, literacy test, and grandfather clause were used to ensure that
the voting rights of most former slaves were denied
What were Jim Crow laws?
segregation laws in the South
The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson primarily involved the issue of
segregation
What were W. E. B. DuBois' beliefs on racial equality?
Equality in all areas
Booker T. Washington stated that the best way for formerly enslaved persons to advance themselves in American society was to
pursue economic gains through vocational training
Why did the U.S. government force Native American tribes onto reservations in the late 1800's?
They wanted their land
What impact did industrialization have on businesses?
growth in the power of large corporations
The Rockefeller Foundation, Carnegie Hall, and the Morgan Library illustrate various ways that entrepreneurs and their descendants have
supported philanthropic activities to benefit society
Prices and wages should be determined by the marketplace." The author of this statement would most probably support
laissez-faire capitalism
Many wealthy American industrialists of the late 19th century used the theory of Social Darwinism to
justify monopolistic actions
In the late 19th century, the pattern of United States immigration changed in that
increasing numbers of immigrants came from eastern and southern Europe
The actions of Jane Addams, Ida Tarbell, and Booker T. Washington illustrate that reform in the United States has
utilized a variety of methods to achieve many goals
Muckrakers contributed to the rise of Progressivism in the early years of the 20th century by
exposing widespread corruption in business and government
What is a progressive income tax?
The more you make, the more you are taxed
What is the purpose of the Federal Reserve System?
System of government banks to supervise private banks and provide a flexible money supply
Define "muckrakers
journalist who exposed widespread corruption in business and government
what are voter initiative, recall and referendum?
initiative-voters can put bills before legislature
referendum- voters can vote on bills directly
recall- voters can remove elected officials from office
What impact did Upton Sinclair's novel "The Jungle" have on the U.S.?
Exposed horrors of the meatpacking industry
How did Jacob Riis work to improve the lives of the urban poor?
His pictures showed rich people how the other half lived