Ida Tarbell
wrote "A History of the Standard Oil Trust", a muckraker who exposed unfair practices of big businesses,
Upton Sinclair
wrote " The Jungle", a muckraker who showed the unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry
William Tweed
A corrupt political boss in New York City.
Robert La Follete
A "progressive" who believed that public interest should guide government actions.
Muckrakers
Journalists who exposed corruption in the hopes that changes would be made.
Lincoln Steffens
wrote "Shame of the Cities", a muckraker who wrote about political machines, corruption and voting fraud,
political bosses
Influential politicians who demanded payoffs from business and helped the poor to try to win votes.
Frances Willard
Wanted to ban the sale of alcohol
Teddy Roosevelt
President who supported conservation (saving) of natural resources, the Pure Food and Drug Act, and the Meat Inspection Act.
Woodrow Wilson
Set up the Federal Trade Commission to stop companies from using unfair business practices. He also set up the Federal Reserve Act.
W.E.B. DuBois
An African American who was a Progressive. He believed that all African Americas were entitled to equality through peaceful protest.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony
Women who worked to obtain sufferage for women. Women in the West gained the right to vote in the west first because they had worked alongside the men settling in the western frontier.
Mutualistas
A group of Mexican Americans who pooled their money for legal aid and to defend themselves against violence.
Spoils System
When unqualified people, friends of politicians, were receiving government jobs
Interstate Commerce Commission
This was in charge of the railroad industry. It enforced rules against pools and rebates.
Civil Service Commission
Created hiring practices based on merit rather than the spoils system
Wisconsin Idea
A change (reform) proposed by Governor LaFollette that gave voters more power in government.
Recall
Voters may remove an elected official from office
Initiative
Allowed voters to propose a bill in the state legislature
Progressive Era
A time when reformers wanted to improve American life in the areas of government, business, and society.
Square Deal
Teddy Roosevelt's plan which meant equal opportunity for all Americans.
Direct Primary
Political parties elections that allowed voters to choose party candidates to run for elected offices
Federal Reserve Act
Passed under President Wilson. It involved having a system of banks controlling the national government.
Sherman Anti-trust Act
Passed in 1890. Was used to stop labor unions rather than going after trusts and monopolies.
Elkins Act
The act that ended rebates.
Clayton Anti-trust Act
This act resulted in major victories for labor unions.
Meat Inspection Act
Passed as a result of the book, "The Jungle". Meat packing plants were inspected to ensure meat was prepared in a sanitary environment
Labor Movement
Unions push for better wges and less hours
Municipal Reform
Changes in city governments that encourage honesty, fair utilities, and welfare services for residents, encouraged middle-class business development
Muckraker
Journalist who exposed corruption during the Progressive Era, 1890-1920
Child Labor Laws
Designed to protect children from unsafe working conditions, must be age 12 to work
Theodore Roosevelt
26th president, known for; conservationism, trust-busting, Hepburn Act, FDA, "Square Deal," Panama Canal, won a Nobel Peace Prize for negotiation of peace in Russo-Japanese War
Panama Canal
a ship canal 40 miles long across the Isthmus of Panama built by the United States (1904-1914)
Open Door Policy
A policy proposed by the US in 1899, ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China.
Roosevelt Corollary
Addition to the Monroe Doctrine asserting America's right to intervene in Latin American affairs
Minimum wage
the lowest legal wage that can be paid to most workers
Hepburn Act
This 1906 law used the Interstate Commerce Commission to regulate the maximum charge that railroads to place on shipping goods.
Alice Paul
Head of the NWO, National Woman's Party, campaigned for protecting women workers, women's right to vote, and an equal rights amendment to the Constitution.
Jane Addams
Suported the Settlement House Movement, Founded Hull House, provided English lessons for immigrants, daycares, and child care classes
Jacob Riis
Wrote, "How The Other Half Lives"; exposed the poor conditions of the poor tenements in NYC
Social Gospel Movement
a movement to help the poor by emphasizing the application of Christian principles to social problems
16th Amendment
Created federal income tax
17th Amendment
established the direct election of senators
18th Amendment
Banned the sale of alcohol
Hull house
Settlement house founded by Jane Adams in Chicago in 1889
19th Amendment
gave women the right to vote
Margaret Sanger
She organized a birth-control movement to in the 1920's.