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Great Plains

The Great Plains is the grassland extending through the west-central portion of the United States. Highly developed Native American methods of life extended through the Great Plains.

Why did thousands of whites migrate to Colorado in the late 1850s?

Thousands of whites migrated to Colorado in the late 1850s because of the discovery of gold.

What act of Congress, passed in 1887, was an attempt to "Americanize" Native Americans?

In 1887, Congress passed the Dawes Act in an attempt to "Americanize" the Native Americans. The act broke up the reservations and gave some of the reservation land to individual Native Americans. Every Native American family received 160 acres of land, an

What massacre brought the Indian wars to an end?

The Battle of Wounded Knee brought the Indian wars to an end. Native Americans were forced out onto smaller reservations. The Seventh Cavalry killed 300 unarmed Native Americans.

What product was delivered to market as a result of the "long drive?

The longhorns, which were sturdy and short-tempered breed accustomed to the dry grassland of southern Spain, were delivered to market as a result of the "long drive". The long drive lasted approximately three months and included about one cowboy for every

What invention helped lead to the end of the open range method of beef production?

Overgrazing of the land, a lot of bad weather, and invention of barbed wire killed entire herds of cattle.

What two railroad companies built the first transcontinental railroad?

The Central Pacific and the Union Pacific were the two railroad companies that built the first transcontinental railroad. The Central Pacific moved eastward from Sacramento, and the Union Pacific moved westward from Omaha.

When and where was the first transcontinental railroad completed?

The first transcontinental railroad was complete in Utah during the spring of 1869.

Exodusters

Exodusters were African Americans who moved from the post-Reconstruction South to Kansas. From 1662 to 1900, approximately 600,000 families took advantage of the Homestead Act by moving to Kansas.

Why did many settlers in the Great Plains make their houses from sod?

Many settlers in the Great Plains made their houses from sod because it was warm in the winter and cool in the summer. However, they were small and offered little ventilation. Snakes, insects, and other pests enjoyed living in them. Soddys were fireproof,

Bonanza Farm

Bananza farms were gigantic single-crop spreads of 15,000 to 50,000 acres. Bonanza farms were caused by the need for farmers to raise more crops in order to compensate for falling prices.

Why were farmers hurt by the government's withdrawal of greenbacks from circulation?

Farmers were hurt by the government's withdrawal of greenbacks from circulation because farmers who had borrowed money had to pay back their loans in dollars that were worth more than the dollars they had originally borrowed. Farmers were continuously loo

The Populist Party was created to fight for the needs of which group of Americans?

The Populist Party was created to fight for the needs of farmers. The Populist Party fought for economic reforms that included an increase in the money supply in order to rise prices received for goods and services, create a system for a graduated income

Why did the Populists make "bi-metalism" an issue in the presidential election of 1896?

The central issue of the presidential election of 1896 was which metal would be the basis of the nation's monetary system. The "silverites" favored bimetallism, which was a monetary system in which the government would give citizens either silver or gold

Who made the "Cross of Gold" speech?

William Jennings Bryan made the "Cross of Gold" Speech on July 8, 1896. After his speech that favored the combined gold and silver standard, including unlimited coinage of silver, Bryan won the Democratic nomination for the upcoming presidential election.

What three factors helped the United States become the world's leading industrial power by the 1920s?

The United States becomes the world's leading industrial power by the 1920s through government support for business (opening doors for railroads, banks, etc.), natural resources, and a growing urban population that provided not only cheap labor, but marke

What process was used to remove carbon from molten iron which produces steel?

The Bessemer process involved of removing the carbon from iron, which then produces steel, a lighter and more flexible metal.

In what city was the first steel frame skyscraper built?

The first skyscraper was built in Chicago. The skyscraper, built with a steel frame by William Le Baron Jenney, was the Home Insurance Building.

Who invented the incandescent light bulb and a system of reliably delivering electricity?

Thomas Alva Edison invented the incandescent light bulb. After patenting it in 1880, he then created a system capable of reliably delivering electricity. \n\n

hat was Alexander Graham Bell's contribution to mankind in the 1870s?

Alexander Graham Bell's contribution to mankind in the 1870s was the invention of the telephone. The telephone was a brilliant way to communicate worldwide.

What immigrant group was primarily responsible for the construction of the Central Pacific Railroad line?

Chinese immigrants mostly constructed the Central Pacific Railroad line. However, Asian workers usually earned less than whites workers.

What caused the creation of standard time zones in the USA (Eastern, Central, Mountain and Pacific)?

Railroads created a more united nation, and timing was off throughout the country. Therefore, Professor C.F. Dowd's plan divided the United States into four time zones: Mountain, Eastern, Central, and Pacific.

The Credit Mobilier scandal involved the corrupt construction of what?

The Cr�dit Mobilier involved the corrupt construction of railroad magnates following Pullman's company town idea, for control and profit. The Cr�dit Mobilier revealed the corrupt construction of industrialists that took advantage of their workers to make

The Interstate Commerce Commission was created in 1887 in order to regulate:

The Interstate Commerce Commission was created in 1887 to regulate railroad rates. Unfortunately, the Commission struggled with regulation because of resistance from the railroads and a tedious legal process.

As a result of the Panic of 1893, how many Americans lost their jobs by 1895?

As a result of the Panic of 1893, four million people had lost their jobs. By the 20th century, seven extremely powerful companies ruled over two-thirds of the entire nation's railroad tracks.

Who are Andrew Carnegie and John Rockefeller?

Andrew Carnegie: Andrew Carnegie was a self-made millionaire on Wall Street who began producing steel using the Bessemer method. Foreign competition was conveniently kept out by a high tariff in place by congress. In 1900, Carnegie sold his steel company

What is the difference between vertical and horizontal integration?

Vertical integration was the process that Carnegie used to but out his suppliers in order to control the transportation systems and raw materials. Horizontal integration was when Carnegie attempted to buy out competing steel producers. \n\n

Laissez Faire

Laissez-faire was a political and economic doctrine that states that economies are most efficient when not burdened by government regulations. It advocates for individual competition and self-interest, while opposing the regulation and taxation of commerc

Monopoly

A monopoly, otherwise known as a trust, gives exclusive control of something in a particular market. During the 1800s, many people believed that Robber Barons (Captains of Industry) where monopolizing their section of industry.

Who was the first leader of the American Federation of Labor?

The first leader of the American Federation of Labor was Samuel Gompers. Gompers focused on negotiating with representatives of labor and management in order to reach written agreements on hours, wagers, and working conditions.

In what way were the Haymarket Affair and the Homestead Strike similar?

The Haymarket Affair and the Homestead Striker were similar because they both ended with deaths and the strikers settling down to avoid getting into more trouble.

What act of Congress, created to prevent the establishment of industrial trusts, was used by business owners to stop union activities such as strikes (claiming a strike interfered with interstate trade)?

The Sherman Antitrust Act was created to prevent the establishment of industrial trusts, but business owners used it to stop union activists from strikes. All a company would have to do is state that a strike, boycott, or picket line would hurt interstate

In the 1890s, what change began to occur in European immigration to the United States?

In the 1890s, more people were coming from Southern and Eastern Europe, rather than western and northern Europe. Many of these immigrants left Europe to escape religious prosecution. \n\n

Why did Congress restrict Chinese immigration in 1882?

Congress restricted Chinese immigration in 1882 because the railroads were completed. The Chinese immigrants that were working on the railroads fulfilled occupations such as farmers, miners, and domestic servicers.

What is Ellis Island?

The Castle Garden in Ellis Island in New York Harbor was an immigrant inspection building. The processing immigrants had to go through at Ellis Island was tedious, but only 2% of people were ever denied entry. As the chief immigration station in the Unite

Nativism

Nativism is the idea of favoring native-born Americans over immigrants. Nativism was important because it gave rise to anti-immigrant groups and led to a large demand for more immigration restrictions.

In what regions of the United States did most urbanization occur during the late 19th century?

The Northeast and Midwest experienced the most urbanization during the late 19th century.

Between 1890 and 1910, how many African - Americans left the South for the north and west?

Between 1890 and 1910, approximately 200,000 African-Americans left the south for the north and west. African-Americans did this to try to escape economic hardship, racial violence, and political oppression.

Tenements

Instead of immigrants traveling to the United States seeking better work and living conditions, they lived in small New York apartments known as tenements. Mostly in the cities Lower East Side, tenements were usually cramped, without indoor plumbing, poor

Why did Jane Addams create Hull House in Chicago?

Jane Addams, along with Ellen Gates, Starr created Hull House in Chicago to support the Settlement House Movement. Settlement houses were community centers in slum neighborhoods that provided assistance to anyone in the area, especially immigrants.

Who was atop the "pyramid" of the political machine?

Atop the "pyramid" of the political machine was the city boss. The city boss controlled the activities of the political party throughout the city. \n\n

Who became the head of Tammany Hall in 1868?

William M. Tweed, otherwise know as "Boss Tweed", became head of Tammany Hall, New York City's powerful Democratic political machine, in 1868.

Patronage

Patronage is the giving of government jobs to the people who helped a candidate get elected. During the Andrew Jackson administration, this policy was known as the spoils system.

What act of Congress was the beginning of the end of patronage?

Congress was beginning the end of patronage jobs with the Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883. This act allowed a non-bias civil service commission to appoint federal jobs through a merit system based on a candidate's interview.