Jim Crow
- Laws designed to enforce segregation of blacks from whites, , Jim Crow laws were state and local laws passed from the end of Reconstruction in 1877 through the mid-1950s by which white southerners reasserted their dominance by denying African Americans
KKK
Stands for Ku Klux Klan and started right after the Civil War in 1866. The Southern establishment took charge by passing discriminatory laws known as the black codes. Gives whites almost unlimited power. They masked themselves and burned black churches, s
Red Summer
1919 wave of riots across the US, coined by author James Weldon Johnson; describes the summer and autumn of 1919. Race riots erupted in several cities in both the North and South of the United States. The three most violent episodes happened in Chicago, W
Border State
States bordering the North: Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky and Missouri. They were slave states, but did not secede.
Segregation
Legal separation of people based on racial, ethnic, or other differences. Keeps minorities powerless by formally separating them from the dominant group and depriving them of access to the dominant institutions.
Integration
open (a place) to members of all races and ethnic groups.
Lynching
After Reconstruction some white Southerners began to use violence to keep blacks from fighting for their civil rights. One of the most common forms of violence was___. Illegal execution of a person by a mob.
Mulatto
A person mixed African (black) & European (white) ancestry. A mulatto denotes a person with one white parent and one black parent. Mulattoes were found primarily in the South, where White and African-American populations were in closer proximity and thus
Racial Caste System
when slavery ended in the US this was what replaced it. Whites considered themselves higher than blacks.
Minstrel Show
white actors wearing black face mimicked and ridiculed African American culture, became increasingly popular.
Jim Crow Laws
State laws in the South that legalized segregation. Limited rights of blacks. Literacy tests, grandfather clauses and poll taxes limited black voting rights. Jim Crow laws were state and local laws passed from the end of Reconstruction in 1877 through the
Black Codes
Any code of law that defined and especially limited the rights of former slaves after the Civil War. Indeed, one of the main goals of the Civil War, freedoms for enslaved people, was being rolled back. One by one, southern states met Johnson's Reconstruct
Jim Crow etiquette
A black man could not offer to shake the hand of a white man. That implied equality; A black person could not look a white person in they eye because that also implied equality; A black person would have to step off the sidewalk if a white person was walk
Separate Car Law
A law where whites and black people had their own cars on a train. Based on racial discrimination. An example of segregation.
Emancipation Proclamation
1863, Lincoln's proclamation made after a crucial victory at Antietam, allowed Lincoln to push for something radical; frees all slaves in areas under rebellion; this excludes the border states, keeping them on the side of the union, prevents foreign power
Plessy vs. Ferguson
(1896) The Court ruled that segregation was not discriminatory (did not violate black civil rights under the Fourteenth Amendemnt) provide that blacks received accommodations equal to those of whites.
How did the legal system treat blacks and whites accused of crimes against each other?
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