Chapter 9 - Progressivism

progressivism

reform movements that sought to raise living standards and correct wrongs in American society

Goals of Progressive Movement

Protecting social welfare, Promoting moral improvement, Creating economic reform, fostering efficiency

Prohibition

a law forbidding the sale of alcoholic beverages

florence kelley

1893 helped persuade Illinois to prohibit child labor and limit the number of hours women worked; helped found the National Child Labor Committee

eugene debs

labor leader who supported unionization and labor reforms, opposed strikes and favored negotiations as a means to improve conditions for workers

Women's Christian Temperance

founded in Cleveland, Ohio in 1874. The main objective of the WCTU was to persuade all states to prohibit the sale of alcoholic beverages.

Carry Nation

Worked for the prohibition of alcohol. Used a violent way odf expressing his thoughts, smashed up saloons with an axe.

Assembly line

Production method that breaks down a complex job into a series of smaller tasks

owen keating act

Prohibited the transportation across state lines of goods produced with child labor.

Robert LaFolette

(1855-1925) prominent Progressive leader. He served as Wisconsin's governor and later as a U.S. senator. Under his governorship, Wisconsin implemented direct elections and passed progressive taxation and railroad regulations.

Scientific Management

a management theory using efficiency experts to examine each work operations and find ways to minimize the time needed to complete it

Susan B. Anthony

leader of woman suffrage movement, who helped to define the movement's goals and beliefs and to lead its actions

Muckrakers

Journalists who attempted to find corruption or wrongdoing in industries and expose it to the public

Initiative

process that permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the ballot

Referendum

The practice of letting voters accept or reject measures proposed by the legislature

Recall

procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office

Elizabeth Stanton

A prominent advocate of women's rights, Stanton organized the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention with Lucretia Mott

Carrie Chapman Catt

A women's suffrage leader, she was twice the president of the NAWSA She was one of the main people attributed to woman's suffrage.

Sinclair

a reformer who wrote "The Jungle" addressing the meat inspection industry

Pure Food and Drug Act

the act that prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure of falsely labeled food and drugs

Meat Inspection Act

Law that authorized the Secretary of Agriculture to order meat inspections and condemn any meat product found unfit for human consumption.h

Bull Moose Party

nickname for the new Progressive Party, which was formed to support Roosevelt in the election of 1912

Trustbusting

Trust-busting is any government activity designed to kill trusts or monopolies. Theodore Roosevelt is the U.S. president most associated with dissolving trusts. However, William Howard Taft signed twice as much trust-busting legislation during his preside

Gifford Pinchot

head of the U.S. Forest Servic under Roosevelt, who believed that it was possible to make use of natural resources while conserving them

Federal trade Commission

Established to preserve competition by preventing unfair business practices and investigates complaints against companies

Wilson's New Freedom

called for stronger anti-trust legislation, banking reform and tariff reductions

Clayton Anti-Trust Act

- created Federal Trade Commission (investigate companies for unfair trade practices)
- prevent corporate abuses by expanding government's regulatory powers
- corrected problems with Sherman Anti-Trust Act
- outlawed monopolies

federal reserve system

1913 - central banking system of the US - created by the Federal Reserve Act - quasi public system

16th Amendment

Amendment to the United States Constitution (1913) gave Congress the power to tax income.

Federal Trade Commission

an independent agency of the United States fedeal government that maintains fair and free competition

Payne Aldrich Tariff

Initially a tariff lowering tariff, but became a protective measure when compromises were made in the Senate. Harmed Taft's reputation (broke campaign promise of lower tariffs) and the unity of the Republicans.

Coal Strike of 1902

Roosevelt intervenes and raises wages 10% and lowers workday by one hour - using arbitration with the workers and the business owners

NACW

National Association of Colored Women

NAWSA

National American Woman Suffrage Association; founded in 1890 to help women win the right to vote