acceleration formula
a=f/m
Cause of acceleration
an unbalanced net force
potential energy (PE)
stored energy or rest (ability to move but not currently moving)
kinetic energy (KE)
movement
velocity
speed in a given direction
net force
total force working together
~
directly proportional to
to increase the acceleration
increase the net force
relationship between acceleration and net force
proportional
Newton's Second Law
F=ma
increase in mass affect on acceleration
decrease in acceleration
relationship between mass and acceleration
inversely proportional
inversely
two values change in opposite directions
unit of force (F)
N (Newton)
unit of mass (M)
kg (kilogram)
unit of acceleration (A)
m/s2 (meter per second squared)
if net force doubles
acceleration doubles
if mass doubles
acceleration will be halved
if both mass and net force doubles
acceleration will be unchanged
the direction of friction
opposite the direction of force
cause of friction
irregularities in two surfaces
liquid and gases called
fluids (cause they flow)
fluid friction
occurs when a solid object moves through a fluid
air resistance
Fluid friction acting on an object moving through the air
Free body disgram
a diagram showing all the forces acting on an object
friction relies on
movement
pressure between 2 surfaces/gravity/the surfaces irregularities
force of friction
if there is more contact area the pressure
lessens
pressure
amount of force per unit of area
pressure formula
P=F/A
Unit of pressure
Pascal (Pa)
ratio of weight to mass is the same for all objects
if air resistance doesn't apply
if air resistance is very small
ratio of weight to mass is approximately same for all objects
relationship between force and mass
directly proportional
all free falling objects undergo the same acceleration on
the same place on earth
air resistance depends on
the objects speed and area
the force due to air resistance diminishes
the net force acting no the falling objects
if gravity and air resistance act on a falling object is not
free fall
more speed
more air resistance
air resistance formula
air resistance ~ speed x frontal area
terminal speed
the speed at which the acceleration of a falling object is zero because friction balances the weight
terminal velocity
terminal speed together with the direction of motion
constant velocity
zero acceleration
terminal velocity is reached when air resistance equals
weight
factors that determine air resistance on an object
force, mass, speed, frontal area
an object will accelerate when
it is pushed or pulled with a net force
when a net force acts on an object, it acceleration depends on the object's
mass
double the net force and increase the mass by four the acceleration would be
half
friction force occurs in
solids sliding over one another, fluids and air
when you stand on one foot instead of two, the pressure you exert on the ground is
twice as much as before
The reason a 20-kg rock falls no faster than a 10-kg rock in free fall is that
the force/mass is the same
why does a heavier object have a a greater terminal velocity even while using the same parachute
it has to fall faster for air resistance to match its weight