What geographic factor did Egypt, Mesopotamia, Indus Valley, and China have in common?
All of them formed near rivers
The "land between two rivers" is called:
Mesopotamia
Name the writing systems:Egypt:Mesopotamia:
hieroglyphics, cuneiform
Name the surrounding river systems:Mesopotamia: Egypt: India: China (Shang Dynasty):
Tigris River and Euphrates RiverNile RiverIndus RiverHuang He (Yellow) River & Yangzi River
What is Hammurabi's Code and why was it created?
A law code created by the King of Babylon (Hammurabi) to create rules/punishments and establish order in the kingdom
What is a ziggurat?
A pyramid temple used to sacrifice gifts to the Gods
What was the Rosetta Stone and why was its discovery important?
A tablet found in the 1800s that helped to translate hieroglyphics into modern languages
How did the Hyksos change Egypt when they conquered it?
They introduced chariots and bronze weapons
What evidence suggests that the Indus Valley had a well-organized government?
The remains of their cities show that they were laid out in grids with underground sewer systems, which shows that they had a well-organized government with city planners
Most members of these ancient civilizations (especially Egypt) belonged towhich group (social class)?
Lower class (peasants, slaves, etc.)
What was China's most valuable export?
silk
What are some theories explaining why the Indus Valley civilizationdisappeared?
Natural disasters (earthquakes, floods), rivers dried up,overplanting, attacks from nomadic invaders
In which period of Egypt were the Ancient Pyramids built?
Old Kingdom
What made Ancient China more isolated than other civilizations?
They were so far away and they had the most natural barriers (mountains, jungle, desert, rivers, ocean)
What was the first PROVEN dynasty of China?
Shang
Who is Ramses II?
Egypt's most powerful Pharaoh that signed the first known peace treaty
Who is Queen Hatshepsut?
grew Egypt's empire to its largest height up until thattime
What are the first 5 books of the Hebrew bible called?
The Torah
In Ancient Egypt, the Pharaoh was regarded as a.....
God King
What is the difference between monotheism and polytheism?
Monotheism is the belief in one god, while polytheism is the belief in many gods
Jerusalem is the holy city for which religions?
Judaism, Islam, and Christianity
The two divisions of Islam are.....
Sunni and Shia
Who is considered the father of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism?
Abraham
What is Yin and Yang & what people look at it as a principle of life?
The belief that the universe is a balance between 2 forces (light and dark); originated in ancient China
Where do Muslims take a journey once in their lives?
Mecca
What does nirvana mean?
Complete peace and happiness; can be achieved by eliminating attachment to worldly things
Curved area in the Middle East
Fertile Crescent
City & surrounding area with it's own government.
City-State
A form of government when the king/queen were their god
Theocracy
Where decisions were made by mostly government officials rather than a king
Bureaucracy
Tombs that were made to honor the dead ( The ones who could afford it or kings)
Pyramids
Egyptian tablet found used to decipher hieroglyphics
Rosetta Stone
A series of rulers from a single family
Dynasties
Fired Bones to answer questions from spirits
Oracle Bones
Rulers were only allowed to rule as long as they were effective/nothing bad happened
Mandate of Heaven
Trade Route between China + The Middle East
Silk Road
First Civilization
Sumer
What empire was Hammurabi king of? What did he do?
Babylon; United Mesopotamia
triangular area of marshland formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of some rivers
Delta
What did king Menes do?
King of Upper Egypt and conquered lower Egypt- United them both.
Egyptian [person] that controlled trade, tax collection, & building of infrastructure
Vizier
What was the book of the dead?
Book that helped Egyptians in the afterlife
the process of preserving the dead used in Egypt
mummification
plants that grew around the Nile used as paper
Papyrus
major citys of the Indus River Valley
Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro
Which one is the "darkness" ? (Yin or Yang)
Yin
What dynasty came after the Shang dynasty?
Zhou Dynasty