Senmut
Queen Hatshepsut's chief counsel who designed her mortuary temple.
colonnaded terraces
Terraces connected by ramps (a colonnade is a row of columns which support some sort of ceiling). (--- terraces)
facade
Front or face of a building.
obelisks
tall, thin, four-sided shaft of tapering stone that rises to a pyramidal point.
impost blocks
Blocks that supported lintels...these blocks rested on the columns.
clerestory
Center section of the roof the was raised (i.e. hypostyle hall)
kylix
drinking cup
Senmut - Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut
ca. 1450 BC. The queen's chief counselor designed this temple for her. 3 colonnaded terraced. DISPLAYS EGYPTIAN SENSE OF ORDER/VERY SYMMETRICAL AND BLENDS IN WITH SURROUNDING.
Temple of Ramses II
ca. 1250 BC. A massive cut-out shrine. Primar worship site of the king. Facade marked by 4 colossal images of king.
Plan of an Egyptian Temple (SIX PARTS)
Pylon: Large gate at front of temple w/obelisks, paintings, statues.Courtyard: Large open room without a roof. Ppl only allowed on festival days.Hypostle Hall: Large room w/columns. Columns = papyrus plants blooming in sun (little sunlight). Religious rituals painted. Only priests and pharaoh allowed in for rituals.2nd hall: Filled w/columns and very dark. Only high priests and pharaoh. Carved/painted scenes w/pharaoh and gods.Sanctuary: most special...dark/mysterious. HP AND PH. Shrine in middle.Sacred Lake: water next to the temple. Rituals.
Pylon
entrance to an egyptian temple.
Block Statue
In ancient Egyptian sculpture, a cubic stone image with simplified body parts. (two words)
Amarna Period
ca. 1350 BC., artistic changes in Egyptian art; rather than rigid poses, accentuated curving contours and full body-did not glorify ruler., the period under Akhenaton's reign that was a profound shift from traditional Egyptian rules.
bust
a sculpture of the head and shoulders of a person
Akhenaton
ca. 1400 BC. Formerly named Amenhotel IV. Came to throne ca 1353 BC. Wanted monotheism, and thus weakened Egypt. There was an effeminate portrayal of the king.
Paleo
Old
Meso
Middle
Neo
New
Lithos
stone
Paleolithic Era
35,000 TO 12,000 BC. Hunting and gathering for food
Mesolithic Era
12,000 TO 8,000 BC. Intensified gathering and domestication of the dog.
Neolithic Era
8,000 BC ON. Domestication of plants and animals and construction of dwellings.
BCE
Before the common era
CE
Common Era
ca.
around (circa)
Lascaux Cave
15,000-10,000 BCEHall of Bulls (France)
Twisted perspective
(aka composite view) part of figure is seen profile and the other part is in frontal pose. ex: Hall of the Bulls at Lascaux. (two words)
Silhouette
(n) an outline that appears dark against a light background.
Outline
a line that shows or creates the outer edges of a shape
Narrative Art
Elements in a work of art are arranged to tell a story (two words)
Ocher
any of a class of natural earths, ranging in color from pale yellow to reddish yellow
Chauvet
Discovered 1994Oldest to date, but most sophisticated art Narrative ElementsFelines & Rhinos Location - France30,000 - 28,000 BCE
Form
object shape and structure
composition
how an artist organizes the form of a work
line
an element of art which refers to the continuous mark made on some surface by a moving point
space
area that "holds" the object in or around a work. May be limited or unlimited.
mass
(in sculpture and architecture) matter that is "held" in space
volume
space which mass organized
perspective
organization of forms in space to create the illusion of depth on a flat surface
proportion
size relationship of objects within a work
material
substance used in a work (tile, clay, steel, etc.)
technique
how an artist manipulates material
color
tonality (light or dark) and intensity (bright or dull)
Altamira
Spain, 12,000 BC, Bison
Pech Merle
France, 25,000-22,000 BC, Spotted Horse
portable
easily or conveniently transported
rock-cut
cut with rock
Venus of Willendorf
24-22,000 BC. Paleolithic work of art. From Subtlemoon. Most famous Paleolithic sculpture. Four inches. Female figurine. Exaggerated aspects of female fertility and obscured face.
megaliths
Structures and complexes of very large stones constructed for ceremonial and religious purposes in Neolithic times.
trilithon
a structure consisting of two large vertical stones (posts) supporting a third stone set horizontally across the top (lintel). Found in Stone Henge. Significant because it is very hard to do!
lintel
A flat horizontal beam which spans the space between two supports.
post and lintel construction
a system of construction in which two posts support a lintel (a horizontal beam used to span an opening) (4 words)
cromlech
A circle of monoliths. Also called henge.
Jericho
Israel, 8,000-7,000 BC. Tower Base.
Catal Huyuk
Turkey, 7,000-5,000 BC. Urban Plan.
Stonehenge
Britain, 2,500-1,600 BC. Megalithic solar calendar (?)
landscape
a genre of art dealing with the depiction of natural scenery
bucrania
bovine skulls
Deer Hunt Mural, Catal Huyuk
ca. 6000 BC. drawn in composite view. Rerpresented humans with heads and leg in profile. Informative picture. Mural depicting a deer hunt.
Seated goddess statuette, Catal Huyuk
ca. 6000 BC. Made with clay (terracotta). Detailed and female figures are no longer obscured. Contained in shrines.
Mesopotamia
Greek for "between the rivers
ziggurats
temples built by Sumerians to honor the gods and goddesses they worshipped
Aegean
Sea east of Greece. The art was between , 3000 - 1000 BCE
Cycladic
the earliest Aegean culture, around 2500 BC
abstraction
Imagery which departs from representational accuracy, to a variable range of possible degrees, for some reason other than verisimilitude. Abstract artists select and then exaggerate or simplify the forms suggested by the world around them
light wells
shafts for letting in light and air
porticos
a porch or walkway with a roof, open or partly enclosed, supported by columns
frescos
the painting was done while the plaster was still wet (not same as fresco secco)
rhyton
an ornate drinking vessel typically shaped in part like an animal or animal's head
Cyclopean
of or relating to or resembling the Cyclops
megaron
The large reception hall and throne room in a Mycenean palace, fronted by an open, two-columned porch
dromos
long passageway (mycenean)
tholos
the shape of a beehive (mycenean)
repousse
method of producing metal relief by hammering and/or punching a sheet of metal from the back and then engraving details on the front
krater
a vessel for mixing wine and water
corbelled vaulting
blocks are piled in horizontal courses and cantilevered inward until the two walls meet in an arch (two words)