Who argued that "all is change" and "change alone is unchanging?
Heraclitus
Who claimed form is a reality itself?
Plato
Plato and Aristotle both argued that reality consists of two worlds.
FALSE
Epistemologists concern themselves with questions such as: what is truth and can we have genuine knowledge?
TRUE
Descartes was considered a rationalist.
Plato argued that the world of being is constantly changing, evolving, and disappearing.
Match Aristotle's Four Causes with its respective definition.A. Material CauseB. Formal CauseC. Efficient CauseD. Final Cause
A. What something is made of.B. The embedded essence of something.C. What sets something in motion.D. The ultimate purpose of something.
__________ represent an interpretation, evaluation, conclusion, or prediction about the world we endorse as true.
Beliefs
Aristotle was considered a rationalist.
__________ is the investigation of the nature and structure of reality.
Metaphysics
Which of the following is a kind of argument that purports to prove a thesis is defective because it generates an infinite series when such series exists or the thesis lacks justification?
Infinite Regress
Metaphysicians concern themselves with questions such as: whether reality is many or one, what is the nature of reality, and what is time and space?
Descartes believed that reality is unknowable.
Who argued that genuine knowledge is recollected through an examination of our innate ideas?
Match the philosopher with the metaphysical claim.A. HeraclitusB. ParmenidesC. PlatoD. AristotleE. Descartes
A. All is change and change alone is unchanging.B. All is one and change is an illusion.C. Reality consists of a world of becoming and a world of being.D. Reality and all things in reality contain entelechy.E. The world is knowable if and only if God exists.
All beliefs are considered informed and objectively true.
Parmenides said change is an illusion.
Who claimed that forms reside in physical objects?
Aristotle
__________ is the study of the nature of knowledge and truth.
Epistemology
What did Descartes hope to prove through the method of doubt?
Knowledge is possible
According to Kant, what can be known about the noumenal reality?
Nothing
For Berkeley, objects in the world exist.
Rationalists argue that we enter the world with innate knowledge.
By developing informed beliefs, individuals can construct an enlightened ethical perspective, develop a thoughtful approach to religion, and develop a sophisticated and integrated view of reality.
Subjective Idealism is the belief that only ideas and conscious minds have actual existence.
It is not possible to develop informed beliefs through critical thinking.
The epistemological view that knowledge is impossible is:
Skepticism.
Who believed that emotions ought to play a role in our understanding of the world?
Jaggar
Who argued that, as a philosopher, he was committed to radical skepticism?
Hume
Who argued that we construct a knowable world?
Kant
For Locke, objects in the world consist of primary and secondary qualities.
Empiricists argue that we can achieve genuine knowledge independent of sense experience.
For Kant, the noumenal world is perceivable.
The epistemological view that knowledge is derived from rational intuition and sense experience is:
Rationalism.
For Hume, the logical conclusion of empiricism is skepticism.
When one perceives, one selects, organizes, and interprets one's experiences.
In Jaggar's arguments, emotions provide what?
Life with meaning
The epistemological view that all knowledge is derived through sense experience is:
Empiricism.
Who argued that we are born with an intellectual "blank slates" or tabula rasa?
Locke
Who claimed that nothing exists independent of the mind or God?
Berkeley