Diedrot
Edited the "Encyclopedia
Montesquieu
Wrote the "Spirit of Laws
Voltaire
Wrote "Candide
Rousseau
Wrote "The Social Contract
Encyclopedia
This was used to criticized the government, the Church, and society
Montesquieu
Described "perfect" government
Voltaire
Championed freedom of thought and religion
Rousseau
Believed in popular sovereignty
Rationalism
Belief that the truth can be determined solely by logical thinking
Enlightenment
Period in the 1700s when philosophers believed that they could apply the scientific method and use reason to explain human nature logically.
Enlightened Despotism
System of government in which absolute monarchs ruled according to the principles of the Enlightenment
Absolute Monarch
System of government in which the ruler determines policy without consulting either the people or the representatives
Salons
Gathering of the social, political, and cultural elite in France during the Enlightenment.
Philosphes
A group of thinkers or philosphers of the Enlightenment
Marie Thérèse Geoffrin
Hostess of one of the salons
Paris
City that was the center of intellectual activity during the Enlightenment
Thomas Hobbes
wrote "Leviathan
Locke
wrote "Second (Two) Treaties of Government
life, liberty, and property
Locke believed that you kept these rights
English Civil War
Event that influenced Hobbes
Glorious Revolution
Event that influenced Locke
Popular Sovereignty
Governmental principle based on just laws and on a government created by and subject to the will of the people.
Rousseau
Believed in the idea of popular sovereignty
Montesquieu
Believed in Separation of Powers and Check and Balances
Voltaire
He influenced Enlightened Despots in Eastern Europe
Voltaire
Attacked injustice among nobility, government, church and believed in religious freedom
Jean d' Alembert
Co-edited the "Encyclopedia
Mary Wollstonecraft
Wrote "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
Mary Wollstonecraft
Called for equal rights and education for woman
Frederick II
Enlightened despot who ruled Prussia
Catherine II
Enlightened despot who ruled Russia
Joseph II
Enlightened despot who ruled Austria
Joseph II
Enlightened despot who eliminated torture and the death penalty
Catherine II
Enlightened despot who drafted Russian constitution but never put it into practice
Catherine II
Enlightened despot who increased serfdom
Federick II
Enlightened despot who ordered elementary education for all children
Thomas Hobbes
He believed that once people entered into a social contract, they could not rebel and that the monarch had right to put down rebellion
Hobbes
Believed that society began in anarchy and needed a absolute monarch to maintain a orderly society