Scientists of the Scientific Revolution

Nicolaus Copernicus

(1473-1543) Polish clergyman. Sun was the center of the universe; the planets went around it. On the Revolution of Heavenly Spheres. Destroyed Aristotle's view of the universe - heliocentric theory.

On the Revolution of Heavenly Spheres

Nicolaus Copernicus

Tycho Brahe

Danish astronomer who set up obervatory to study heavenly bodies and accumulated much data on planetary movements, also taught many astronomers

Johannes Kepler

German, Assistant to Brahe; used Brahe's data to prove that the earth moved in an elliptical, not circular, orbit; Wrote 3 laws of planetary motion based on mechanical relationships and accurately predicted movements of planets in a sun-centered universe; Demolished old systems of Aristotle and Ptolemy

Three Laws of Planetary Motion

Johannes Kepler

Galileo Galilei

Italian, improved the telescope Established Universal Laws of Physics, Dialogue Concerning Two World Systems, recanted, observations proved Copernician pov

Dialogue Concerning Two World Systems

Galileo Galilei

Universal Laws of Physics

Galileo Galilei

Andreas Vesalius

Flemish, The Structure of the Human Body, founder of modern bioogy

founder of modern biolgoy

Andreas Vesalius

The Structure of the Human Body

Andreas Vesalius

Paracelsus

swiss, Father of Pharmacology, experimented with new drugs, performed operations in front of students

Father of Pharmocology

Paracelsus

William Harvey

english, discovered that the heart works as a pump to circulate the blood, father of modern medicine

father of modern medicine

William Harvery

Francis Bacon

english, Father of the Scientific Revolution, The Inductive method, The Advancement of Learning, Novum Organum

Novum Organum

Francis Bacon

The Advancement of Learning

Francis Bacon

The Inductive Method

Francis Bacon

Rene Descartes

french, significace of doubt, the deductive method, Father of philosophy, "i think, therefore i am", Father of analytical geometry, Discourse on Methods

Father of analytical geometry

Rene Descartes

i think, therefore i am

Rene Descartes

The Deductive Method

Rene Descartes

significance of doubt

Rene Descartes

Father of Philosophy

Rene Descartes

Discourse on Methods

Rene Descartes

Isaac Newton

english, Principia, principle of universal gravitation, made up calculus to prove his theories, skilled in optics and in spectroscopic analysis

Calculus

Isaac Newton

Principia

Isaac Newton

Principle of universal gravitiation

Isaac Newton

Michel de Montaigne

all that is certain is that nothing is certain" called for man to doubt and question

Jean Bodin

writings were the basis to justify absolutism as a form of government

Hugo Grotius

natural laws designed to defend natural rights, Laws of War and Peace, against torture, did not encourage rebellion, international law

Laws of War and Peace

Hugo Grotius

The Six Books of the Republic

Jean Bodin

heliocentrism

sun is the center of the universe, first proposed by Nicolas copernicus

natural magic

close to experimental science, alchemy and astrology

Lope de Vega

spanish playright, wrote over 1500 plays

William Shakespeare

wrote greatest drama of the english speaking language, plays reflected the concerns of the age, wrote great tragedies

Macbeth

William Shakespeare

Hamlet

William Shakespeare

King Lear

William Shakespeare

opera

italian music style that coincides with boroque... grand, written on contract to please a ruler

Monteverdi

first guy to write a part for the Orchestra along with the normal parts

Orfeo

Monteverdi

secularization

the trend toward making religious faith a private domain rather than one directly connected to state power and science; it prompted a search for nonreligious explanations for political authorityand natural phenomena

natural law

scientist an dscholars sought this to explain politics as well as movements in the heavens and on earth