Helper muscle in skeletal muscle movement
synergist
A structure that covers and separates skeletal muscles
fascia
A condition produced by buildup of lactic acid in the muscles
muscle fatigue
A structure that connects groups of cardiac muscle
intercalated disc
Tough connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
tendon
A thin covering that surounds the entire muscle
epimysium
The cell membrane of myocytes
sarcolemma
The muscle primarily responsible for skeletal muscle movement
prime mover
An energy producing process for muscles that requires oxygen
aerobic respiration
A muscle that works in opposition to a prime mover
antagonist
Part of the cardiac conduction system located just above the ventricles, between the atria
atrioventricular node
A membrane that covers the heart and the large blood vessels attached to it
pericardium
The route blood takes from the heart to the lungs and back again
pulmonary cirulation
Part of the cardiac conduction system that splits into right and left branches
bundle of HIS
Thickest layer of the heart wall
myocardium
Measures blood pressure in the aorta and carotid arteries
baroreceptor
Structures that anchor the tricuspid valve to papillary muscles
chordae tendinea
Part of the cardiac conduction system located in the lateral walls of the ventricles
purkenje fibers
Pressure in the arteries when the ventricles relax
diastolic pressure
The route blood takes from the heart to the body cells and back to the heart
systemic circulation
The innermost layer of the heart wall
endocarduim
The smallest type of blood vessel
capillary
The widening of blood vessel walls
vasodialation
Part of the cardiac conduction system that generates the electrical impulse that initiates a heartbeat
sinoatrial
Another name for the visceral pericardium (outermost layer
epicardium
The blood vessel that empties blood from the cardiac veins into the right atrium
coronary sinus
Pressure in the arteries when the ventricles contract
systolic pressure
The total amount of blood pumped out of the heart
cardiac output
The tightening of blood vessel walls
vasoconstriction
The collection of veins that carries blood to the liver
hepatic portal system
The first heart sound and occurs when the tricuspid and bicuspid valves snap shut
Lubb
Branch of veins
Venules
______ pressure is higher than systolic pressure
Diastolic
______ carry blood away from the heart
Arteries
The ______ artery carries blood to the forearm.
radial
______ ______ can be caused by a cerebral artery blockage
Myocardial infarction
______ are known as the exchange vessels.
Capillaries
______ decreases blood pressure.
Vasodialation
______ can be caused by blockage of one or more coronary of the arteries.
Angina
Inflammation of the muscular layer of the heart is called
endocarditis
Substances move through the capillary walls through
diffusion, filtration and osmosis
In a ECG, what does the QRS complex represent?
Artrial repolarization
The wall between the upper and lower chambers
interatrial septum
The hearts natural pacemaker is
SA node
A condition involving the hardening of the fatty plaque within the arteries
phlebosclerosis
Describes a heart murmur
abnormal heart sound
The order in which the electrical impulses flow through the cardiac conduction system.
SA node, AV node, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
The vein other than the vena cava from which blood flows into the right atrium
axillary vein
Which area of the body receives oxygen and nutrients through the lingual artery?
popliteal artery
Which veins carries oxygen rich blood?
pulmonary veins
A ballooned weakened area on the arterial wall
aneurysm
The path of blood from the heart through the lungs and back to the heart is
pulmonary circulation
An abnormal heart sound caused by a faulty valve is
murmur
The path of blood from the heart through the body cells and back to the heart is
systemic circulation
The space between the parietal pericardium and the visceral pericardium is known as the
pericardial cavity
The walled membrane that separates the atria of the heart is the
intercardial cavity
The valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle is the
atrium ventricle valve or right AV valve.
Physicians use a test called a _________ to determine whether the cardiac conduction system is working properly.
efect ventricular
The strongest blood vessels are the
arteries
The presence of ______ in the veins prevent blood from flowing backward.
valves
The amount of blood that flows into a capillary is controlled by openings known as
precappilary
What test are used to determine the cause of chest pain?
EKG, endoscopy, cardiac catherization, stress test
What causes angina
blockage of an artery