A1c or A1C
test of overall effectiveness of blood glucose control over a period of time, usually for about the preceding 3 months
acanthosis nigricans
velvety, benign growths on the skin of the neck, groin, and axillae; may be associated with insulin resistance, malignancy, or obesity
Actos
brand name oral antidiabetic agent
Ancef
brand name antibiotic used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections; used either intramuscularly or intravenously
arthrodesis
surgical fusion of a joint
arthrosis
degenerative joint changes
calcaneocuboid
relating to the calcaneus (heel bone) and cuboid bone (bone in front of the heel bone)
cubonavicular
relating to the cuboid bone and the navicular bone (bone on top of the cuboid bone)
dexamethasone
generic name for anti-inflammatory agent: used to test adrenal function
dysuria
difficulty or pain with urination
equinus
abnormal position of the foot in which the toes are lower than the heel, causing toe-walking
exsanguinated
the action or process of having drained or lost circulating blood; made bloodless
extensor digitorum brevis
muscle of the foot that extends the 2nd through 5th toes
Glucophage
trade name for antidiabetic medication
goiter
chronic enlargement of the thyroid gland, not usually due to malignancy
hindfoot
the part of the foot that contains the calcaneus, talus, cuboid, and navicular bones; the back part of the foot
Humalog
trade name for antidiabetic medication
inferior peroneal retinaculum
a fibrous band that holds in place the tendons of the muscles on the outside of the ankle
intraneural
within a nerve
Lantus
brand name for a type of insulin
lisinopril
generic name of drug used primarily to treat hypertension
Lortab
brand name of narcotic used to treat moderate to severe pain
malalignment
displacement of bones out of line in relation to joints
metatarsal
one of the 5 long bones on the top of the foot
metformin
generic name for Glucophage, antidiabetic medication
occult fracture
a fracture that is not visible in an x-ray within 24 to 48 hours of trauma or injury but will become visible in x-rays within 3 to 4 weeks, at the time the fracture site is healing or new bone is forming
osteophyte
a bony outgrowth or protuberance
osteotome
an instrument used for cutting bone
perihardware fracture
a fracture of the bone around a plate or screws that are already in place
periosteum
the thick, fibrous membrane covering the entire surface of a bone
polydipsia
excessive, prolonged thirst
polyuria
excessive excretion of urine resulting in frequent and profuse urination
popliteal sciatic block
nerve block of the sciatic nerve at the popliteal fossa (back of the knee): used to relieve pain in the lower leg
posterior tibial tendon
tendon that starts in the calf, stretches down behind the inside of the ankle, and attaches to bones in the middle of the foot
S/P
abbreviation for status post
subtalar
below the talus bone
talonavicular
relating to the talus bone and the navicular bone (both bones are on the top of the ankle)
Telfa
brand name for a wound dressing consisting of a thin layer of cotton fibers wrapped in plastic film to keep it from sticking to wounds
Webril
brand name for cotton material used as absorbent surgical dressing