Chapt 2 Chem

Element

any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance by chemical reactions

compound

two or more elements combined in a fixed ratio

define organized matter having emergent properties

a compound has characteristics different from those of its elements

what is the percent of essential elements

20%-25%

Essential elements

a chemical element that an organism needs to survive

4 elements needed make up 96% of living matter.

C,H,O,N

trace elements

an element indispensable for life but required in a small amount

atom

smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element

Subatomic particles

atom has part made out of smaller particles

neutrons

a subatomic particle that has no charge

protons

a subatomic particle that has a positive charge

electrons

a subatomic particle that has a negative charge

atomic nucleus

atom's dense center core, containing protons and neutrons

atomic number

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

mass number

the sum of protons and neutrons

isotope

element with different number of neutrons

radioactive isotope

isotope that is unstable; nucleus decays spontaneous which gives off particles and energy.

energy

the capacity to cause change

potential energy

the energy that matter possess as a result of its location

Element

any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance by chemical reactions

compound

two or more elements combined in a fixed ratio

define organized matter having emergent properties

a compound has characteristics different from those of its elements

what is the percent of essential elements

20%-25%

Essential elements

a chemical element that an organism needs to survive

4 elements needed make up 96% of living matter.

C,H,O,N

trace elements

an element indispensable for life but required in a small amount

atom

smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element

Subatomic particles

atom has part made out of smaller particles

neutrons

a subatomic particle that has no charge

protons

a subatomic particle that has a positive charge

electrons

a subatomic particle that has a negative charge

atomic nucleus

atom's dense center core, containing protons and neutrons

atomic number

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

mass number

the sum of protons and neutrons

isotope

element with different number of neutrons

radioactive isotope

isotope that is unstable; nucleus decays spontaneous which gives off particles and energy.

energy

the capacity to cause change

potential energy

the energy that matter possess as a result of its location