Plasma
Hot ionized gas
Solid
?? Shape
?? Volume
Strongest IFA
Liquid
??Shape
??Volume
Strong IFA
Gas
??Shape
??Volume
Weakest IFA
Melting / Fusion
Solid to Liquid
Evaporation
Liquid to Gas
Condensation
Gas to Liquid
Freezing
Liquid to Solid
Sublimation
Solid to Gas
Deposition
Gas to Solid
Heat of Fusion
The energy required to change a gram of a subs. from the solid to liquid state without changing its temperature
Heat of Vaporization
The energy required to change a gram of liquid to gas state at the boiling point
7
Oxidation State of
Mn in KMnO4
6
Oxidation State of
Cr in K2Cr2O7
KMnO4
Mineral chameleon
KMnO4
Titrant in Permanganometry
f=5
Oxalic Acid
Use to remove stain of KMnO4
Combination
A + B = AB
Synthesis
Other name of combination
Analysis
Other name of decomposition
Decomposition
AB = A + B
Single Displacement
A + BC = AC + B
Metathesis
Aka double displacement
Double displacement
AB + CD = AC + BD
Burning
Aka combustion
Combustion
CxHy + O2 = CO2 + H2O
CO2
Complete combustion product
CO
Incomplete combustion product
Cupric sulfate
Component of Fehling's reagent
Blue vitriol
Aka cupric sulfate
Citric Acid and Tartaric Acid
Acidulants in effervescent formulation (2)
NaHCO3
Carbonating agent on effervescent formulation
Alkali + Silicon
How to make glass
Oxidation
Chem. Rxn involved in burning of woods
Nuclear change
Change in the nucleus of the atin
Nuclear Fusion
When to nuclei unite to form on nucleus
Nuclear Fission
One nucleus splits up to form two nuclei
Cr-51
Radio pharmaceutical
Volume of RBC and blood volume
Sodium Iodide I-131
Radio pharmaceutical
Thyroid function
Tc 99m human albumin
Radio pharmaceutical
Cardiac and peripheral blood pool imaging
Tc 99m human albumin macroaggregates
Radio pharmaceutical
Lung perfusion
Tc 99m DTPA
Radio pharmaceutical
Renal imaging
Tc 99m etidronate
Radio pharmaceutical
Bone imaging
Goldstein
Discovered proton
Chadwick
Discovered neutron
Thomson
Discovered electron
Proton and Neutron
They are called nucleons
Isotopes
Diff elements
Same # of protons
Isotones
Diff elements
Same # of neutrons
Isobars
Diff elements
Same atomic mass / mass number / atomic weight
Democritus
Said that the atom is indivisible
John Dalton
Billiard ball model
JJ Thomson
Plum pudding model
Raisin bread model
Aka plum pudding model
Ernest Rutherford
Gold Foil Exp.
Neils Bohr
Planetary Model
Schrodinger
Quantum mechanic model
Principal
Determined the SIZE of the atom
Principal
Quantum number symbol
n
Azimuthal
Determines the SHAPE of the orbitals
Azimuthal
Quantum number symbol
l
Magnetic
Determines the ORIENTATION in space
Magnetic
Quantum number symbol
ml
Spin
Determines the ROTATION of electron
Spin
Quantum number symbol
ms
Aufbau's
Lower orbitals should be filled up first
Pauli's
No two electrons can have the same set of quantum number
Heisenberg's
Cannot predict the position and the movement of electron simultaneously
Hund's
Single before pairing up
sp3
Have 4 coordination number
sp2
Have 3 coordination number
sp
Have 2 coordination number
Nihonium
Ununtrium
Nihonium
Element 113
Nihonium
Nh
Moscovium
Ununpentium
Moscovium
Element 115
Moscovium
Mc
Tennessine
Ununseptium
Tennessine
Element 117
Oganesson
Ununoctium
Oganesson
118
Si Ge Po Sb As Te
Metalloids
Al
Most abundant metal
Li
Treatment of mania
K
Metal with diuretic action
Au
Metal to treat arthritis
Fe Co Ni
Ru Rd Pd
Os Ir Pt
Triad Elements
Al and Ca
Ampotheric metals
Family A
Aka Representative elements
H
Most reactive element
Be
Most toxic
Mg
Present in chlorophyll
Mg
Present in GRIGNARD's rgt
Ca
Causes
Coagulation
Contraction
Release of NeuroTrans
Teeth and Bones
Ra
Discovered by Curie
B
?? the coefficient of expansion of glass
Al
Astringent
Taken orally - constipation
Ampotheric
C
King of all elements
Si
Manufacture of glass
Pb
Can affect the HEME syn.
EDTA
Pb toxicity antidote
Pb
Toxic element : plubism
N
Black container
P
St. Elmo's Fire
As
Choice of professional poisoner
As
Aka lewisite metal
BAL
Lewisite metal poisoning antidote
Bi
Aka beautiful meadow
Bi
Use to inh. the growth of H. pylori
O
Aka empyreal air
O
Green container
O
Most abundant element
O
Most important element
S
Aka shulbari
S
Aka brimstone
F
Most electronegative element
Cl
Green gas
Br
Brown liq.
I
Oldest known germicide
Astatine
Rarest element
Family B
Transition elements
Zn
Present in insulin
Zn
Rinman's Green Test
Hg
Messenger of the gods
Hg
Minamata dse
Methyl Hg
Most toxic form of Hg
Cd
Itai-itai dse
Au
King of all metals
Au
Most malleable
Au
Most ductile
Au
Best conductor of electricity
Ag
2nd most malleable
Ag
2nd most ductile
Ag
2nd best conductor of electricity
Cu
Only reddish metal
Cu
3rd most malleable
Cu
3rd most ductile
Cu
3rd best conductor of electricity
W
Aka wolfram
Ta
Surgical repair of bones, tissues and nerves
Ta
Not affected by body fluids
Tc
First artificial element
Fe
Synergistic with Vit. C
Fe
Imp. component of HEME and cytochrome
Os
Densest element
Co
Present in cyanocobalamin (B12)
Ni
Present in fake jewelries
Calcium sulfate dihydrate
Gypsum
Calcium sulfate hemmihydrate
Plaster of Paris
MgSO4
Epsom Salt
NaNO3
Chile Salt Peter
KNO3
Salt Peter
Na2CO3 10H2O
Washing soda
NaCO3
Soda ash
NaHCO3
Baking Soda
NaHCO3
Most common urinary alkalinizer
NaHCO3
Antidote for ASA tox
NaHCO3
Tx for metabolic acidosis
NaSO4
Glauber's Salt
NaK C4H4O6
Rochelle Salt
Pb subacetate
Goulard's Extract
Pb acetate
Sugar of Pb
Boric acid
Aka sal sativum
Boric acid
Eye wash
Weak germicide
Not antibiotic
NaH2PO4
Fleet Enema
NaOH
Caustic soda
Na hypochlorite
Dakin's solution
NaCl
Table salt
NaCl
Soler salt
NaCl
Antidote for Ag tox
KC4H5O6
Cream of Tartar
KOH
Caustic potash
Cupric sulfate
Blue vitriol
FeSO4
Green Vitriol
ZnSO4
White vitriol
H2SO4
Oil of Vitriol
AgNO3
Lunar Caustic
Mg(OH)2
Milk of Magnesia
HgCl
Calomel
HgCl2
Corrosive sublimate
Ammoniated Hg
White precipitate
Ammonium silicate
China clay
Ammonium silicate
KAOLIN
Nitrous oxide
Laughing gas
Ferric ferrocyanide
Prussian blue
Ferrous ferricyanide
Turnbull's blue
Magnesium silicate
Talc
Filtering agent
Use of talc because of its absorptive properties
Antiadherent
Use of talc because of its non absorptive properties
Lavosier
1st true periodic table
Dobereiner
Arrange elements by TRIADS
Newlands
Arrange elements by OCTAVES
Meyer and Mendeleev
Arrange elements by ATOMIC WEIGHT
Moseley
Arrange elements by ATOMIC NUMBER
1A
Alkali metals
2A
Alkaline earth metals
3A
Boron group
4A
Carbon group
5A
Nitrogen group
6A
Oxygen group
7A
Halogens
8A
Noble gases
Nitrogen group
Pnictogens
Carbon group
Crystallogens
Boron group
Icosagens
Oxygen group
Chalcogens
Cathode
Attract (+) ions
Anode
Attract (-) ions
Na
Major extracellular cation
K
Major intracellular cation
Cl
Major extracellular anion
NaHCO3
Important in neutralizing blood ph
Acidosis
Ph less than 7.35
Alkalosis
Ph more than 7.45
Acidosis
May lead to CNS depression
Alkalosis
May lead to CNS stimulation
Alkalosis
What happens intracellularly when there is an intracellular shift of K
Acidosis
What happens extracellularly when there is an intracellular shift of K
Acidosis
What happens intracellularly when there is an extracellular shift of K
Alkalosis
What happens extracellularly when there is an extracellular shift of K
Ionic bond
Bond between a metal and a non metal
Covalent bond
Bond between a non metal and a non metal
H N F O I C Br
Diatomic elements
I F O N S Cl Br
Highly electronegative elements
London
Non-Polar to Non-Polar
Keesom
Polar to Polar
Debeye
Polar to Non-Polar
Induced dipole Induced dipole
London
Dipole Dipole
Keesom
Dipole Induced dipole
Debeye
Arrhenius
Acids yield H+ in aq. soln
Arrhenius
Bases yield OH- in aq. soln
Bronsted-Lowry
Acids are proton donors
Bronsted-Lowry
Bases are proton acceptors
Lewis
Acids are electron acceptors
Lewis
Bases are electron donors
Arrhenius
Aka Water Theory of Acids and Bases
SA + SB
Neutral salt
SA + WB
Acidic salt
WA + SB
Basic salt
Hydroxides of group 1A and 2A
Strong bases
HCl
HBr
HNO3
HI
HClO4
H2SO4
Strong acids
Autoprotolysis
Aka self-ionization
Autoprotolysis
Transfer of protons bet. two identical molecules
Autocatalytic
When the reactant in a chem rxn is also the catalyst
Cu + Zn
Brass
Cu + Sn
Bronze
Hg + Ag + Sn + Cu
Amalgam
Fe + C + Si
Cast Iron
Fe + C
Steel
Au + Ag + Cu
Green gold
Cu + Al + Zn
Nordic gold
Mg + Al
Magnalium
Cu + Ni
Cupronickel
Ni + Cr
Nichrome
Ni + Ti
Nitinol