Dietary Guidlines
developed by the US Dept. of Ag. and the Dept. of Health and Human Services. Updated every 5 years and provide advice on proper eating and nutrition
Special Needs Diets and Restrictions
occasionally the patients diet must be adjusted to meet his/her specific needs posibly requiring him/her to avoid certain foods or to significantly limit the amounts taken in
Clear Liquid Diet
prescribed in preparation for certain lab tests, examinations, and surgery. It requires avoidance of all solid foods and milk products.
clear liquid diet consists of
clear soup and broth, plain gelatin, black coffee, tea, carbonated beverages, popsicles
Full Liquid Diet
prescribed for patients who are unable to chew or digest solid food due to gastrointestinal problems or recent surgery.
full liquid diet consists of
consists of the clear liquid diet in addition to: milk and milkshakes, ice cream, custard, creamed or strained soup, fruit and veggie juices, strained fruit
Mechanical Soft Diet
prescribed for patients who are unable to chew due to dental problems, have difficulty swallowing, or are recovering from surgery(doc determines unable to tolerate solid food)
mechanical soft diet consists of
all soups, all liquids, cooked veggies, canned fruit, ground meat & veggies, tender fish & poultry
Bland Diet
prescribed for patients with gastrointestinal problems and/or allergies.
bland diet consists of
foods on this diet contain no seasoning or fiber (irritates stomach & cause gas) mild flavored food, loe-fiber food, mashed potatoes, milk products, cooked fruit, noncitrus juice
BRAT diet
for patients recovering from gastrointestinal upsets because the foods it contains are easy to digest
Brat diet consists of
bananas, rice, applesauce, toast
High-Protein Diet
proteins can promote the healing process, prescribed for patients recovering form bone injury; should be combined with fruits & veggies in order to a balanced diet
high-protein diet consists of
meat, dairy products, legumes
Diabetic Diet
varies among individuals in order to meet ea. patients needs. most encouraged to consume moderate carb of 1600-2000 calories daily spread out over several meals (rather than 3) to maintain consistent glucose levels
diabetic diet consists of
several factors are cosidered when determining patient's needs: type of insulin therapy, severity of diabetes, activity & exercise, calories required to maintain proper weight
High-Residue/High-Fiber Diet
recommended forpatients with existing heart disease and also as a preventive measure or protection against diabetes, breast & colon cancer, hypercholesterolemia, and constipation
Low-Residue/Low-Fiber Diet
recommended for patients suffering from diarrhea and indigestion as well as those with colitis or a colostomy
Low-Residue/Low-Fiber Diet consists of
cooked veggies & stewed fruits (except those high in fiber), bananas; lean beef, lamb, chicken, and turkey, cooked cereals, eggs, all soups(except creamed)
Low-Fat/Low-Cholesterol Diet
recommended for patients with hypercholesterolemia and those with gallbladder, pancreatic and liver disease.
Low-Fat/Low-Cholesterol Diet consists of
daily fat intake should be 20-30g
fruits & veggies, fat-free milk, whole-grain breads & cereal
Low-Sodium (Salt) Diet
recommended for patients with congestive heart failure, kidney disease and hypertension because sodium may cause water retention
Low-Sodium (Salt) Diet consists of
the amounts of sodium will vary depending on patients condition (severe, moderate, mild)
severe salt restrictions
allows 500mg sodium daily
moderate salt restrictions
allows 1500-2000mg sodium daily
mild salt restrictions
allows 3000-5000mg sodium daily