Human Body Systems

Organ systems

A group of two or more organs working together for a specific job; e.g. the digestive system

Circulatory System

The body system responsible for moving oxygen, carbon dioxide and nutrients throughout the body. Includes the veins, arteries, capillaries, and heart.

Respiratory system

The body system in which oxygen is brought into the body and carbon dioxide is released

Mechanical digestion

Includes grinding or chewing your food when you eat

Digestive System

The body system that takes in, breaks down, and absorbs nutrients that are necessary for growth

Chemical digestion

Changes the composition of food by breaking it down such as with stomach acids

Excretory system

The body system that helps rid the body of wastes, toxins, and excess water. Includes the bladder, ureters, kidneys, and urethra

Nervous system

The body system of specialized cells that carry electrical messages throughout the body

Nervous System

Includes the brain, spinal cord, & peripheral nerves

Muscular System

The body system that supports the body and enables it to MOVE

Muscular System

Major organs include skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles

Skeletal System

The body system that protects and supports the body

Integumentary System

The body system that covers and protects the body from the environment. Includes the hair, nails, and skin.

The Body's first layer of defense

Integumentary System

Immune System

To kill pathogens that have invaded the body

Immune System

This system explains why the body aches, has a fever , and vomits

Endocrine System

Organ system that is responsible for producing hormones that travel through the blood stream to maintain homeostasis

Kidney

Filters wastes from the blood

Joint

Area that allows movement where bone meets bone

Bladder

a smooth muscular sac that is a storage for liquid wastes

Villi

Structures found in the small intestine that increase surface area to allow the more nutrients to be passed into the blood.

Aveoli

The area in the lungs where gas exchange occurs

Ovary

Female reproductive organ where eggs are formed.

Uterus

Female reproductive organ where an embryo is implanted.

Vaccine

A substance injected into the body that helps create antibodies against the disease it is made for (i.e. measles).

Sensory neuron

Sends signals from the environment to the brain

Motor neuron

Sends signals from the brain to the muscles

Hinge-joint

Formed between 2 bones that allows only one direction of movement, such as a door.

Bone Marrow

Area inside a bone that makes blood cells

Tendon

Area where muscles attach to bone

Ligament

Area where bone attaches to bone

Arteries

Carries blood from the heart to the body (usually depicted as red vessels)

Veins

Carries blood from the body to the heart (usually depicted as blue vessels)

Capillaries

Small blood vessels that allow the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients.

Adrenal Glands

Part of the endocrine system that creates adrenaline. Can be responsible for flight-or-fight response

Stimulus

any event or situation that evokes a response

response

An action or change in behavior that occurs as a result of a stimulus.

Internal stimulus

scared, breathing rate increases

External Stimulus

Anything outside the body of the organism that can cause a response in an organism

chemical digestion

Process by which enzymes break down food into small molecules that the body can use

physical digestion

The mechanical breakdown of large food particles into smaller ones

Organ systems

A group of two or more organs working together for a specific job; e.g. the digestive system

Circulatory System

The body system responsible for moving oxygen, carbon dioxide and nutrients throughout the body. Includes the veins, arteries, capillaries, and heart.

Respiratory system

The body system in which oxygen is brought into the body and carbon dioxide is released

Mechanical digestion

Includes grinding or chewing your food when you eat

Digestive System

The body system that takes in, breaks down, and absorbs nutrients that are necessary for growth

Chemical digestion

Changes the composition of food by breaking it down such as with stomach acids

Excretory system

The body system that helps rid the body of wastes, toxins, and excess water. Includes the bladder, ureters, kidneys, and urethra

Nervous system

The body system of specialized cells that carry electrical messages throughout the body

Nervous System

Includes the brain, spinal cord, & peripheral nerves

Muscular System

The body system that supports the body and enables it to MOVE

Muscular System

Major organs include skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles

Skeletal System

The body system that protects and supports the body

Integumentary System

The body system that covers and protects the body from the environment. Includes the hair, nails, and skin.

The Body's first layer of defense

Integumentary System

Immune System

To kill pathogens that have invaded the body

Immune System

This system explains why the body aches, has a fever , and vomits

Endocrine System

Organ system that is responsible for producing hormones that travel through the blood stream to maintain homeostasis

Kidney

Filters wastes from the blood

Joint

Area that allows movement where bone meets bone

Bladder

a smooth muscular sac that is a storage for liquid wastes

Villi

Structures found in the small intestine that increase surface area to allow the more nutrients to be passed into the blood.

Aveoli

The area in the lungs where gas exchange occurs

Ovary

Female reproductive organ where eggs are formed.

Uterus

Female reproductive organ where an embryo is implanted.

Vaccine

A substance injected into the body that helps create antibodies against the disease it is made for (i.e. measles).

Sensory neuron

Sends signals from the environment to the brain

Motor neuron

Sends signals from the brain to the muscles

Hinge-joint

Formed between 2 bones that allows only one direction of movement, such as a door.

Bone Marrow

Area inside a bone that makes blood cells

Tendon

Area where muscles attach to bone

Ligament

Area where bone attaches to bone

Arteries

Carries blood from the heart to the body (usually depicted as red vessels)

Veins

Carries blood from the body to the heart (usually depicted as blue vessels)

Capillaries

Small blood vessels that allow the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients.

Adrenal Glands

Part of the endocrine system that creates adrenaline. Can be responsible for flight-or-fight response

Stimulus

any event or situation that evokes a response

response

An action or change in behavior that occurs as a result of a stimulus.

Internal stimulus

scared, breathing rate increases

External Stimulus

Anything outside the body of the organism that can cause a response in an organism

chemical digestion

Process by which enzymes break down food into small molecules that the body can use

physical digestion

The mechanical breakdown of large food particles into smaller ones