Dendrites
Receive impulses from other neurons and conduct them towards the cell body
Axon
Carries signals away from the cell body to other neurons
Axon terminal
The endpoint of a neuron where neurotransmitters are stored
Synapse
The gap between individual nerve cells
Soma
A set of nerves that carries information into and out of the central nervous system.
Central nervous system
The brain and the spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system
Nerves branching out of the spinal cord
Parts of the peripheral nervous system
Somatic- Controls voluntary muscles
Autonomic- Controls involuntary muscles
+Sympathetic- Expends energy
+Parasympathetic- Conserves energy
Hindbrain
Controls body's vital functions
Medulla
Controls breathing and reflexes
Pons
Controls hearing and balance
Cerebellum
Controls posture, balance and movement
Midbrain
Coordinates hearing, vision and movement
RAS
Alerts the brain about incoming information
Forebrain
Largest and most highly developed part of the brain
Amygdala
Controls emotions
Hippocampus
Controls memory
Basic ganglia
Coordinate movement
Thalamus
Sensory processing and movement
Hypothalamus
Sleep, hunger and emotions
Cerebrum
Memories, planning and problem solving
Cerebral cortex
Perception, Voluntary movement and language
Frontal lobe
Imagination, planning and personality
Motor cortex
Movement
Occipital lobe
Vision
Temporal lobe
Hearing, understanding and speech