A & P Tortora Chap 6

Diaphysis

______ is the bone's shaft or body - the long, cylindrical, main portion of the bone.

Epiphyses

_____ are the proximal and distal ends of the bone.

Metaphysis

_____ is the region between the diaphysis and the epiphysis.

epiphyseal plate

In a growing bone, each metaphysis contains an _________.

epiphyseal line

When bone stops growing the epiphyseal plate is replaced by a boney structure known as the _____________.

articular cartilage

_______ is a thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the part of the epiphysis where the bone forms a joint with another bone.

periosteum

___________ surrounds the external bone surface wherever it is not covered by articular cartilage.

medullary cavity

A hollow, cylindrical space within the diaphysis that contains fatty yellow bone marrow in adults is called the ________.

endosteum

The ___________ is a thin membrane that lines the internal bone surface facing the medullary cavity.

Osteogenic, Osteocytes, Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts

The 4 types of cells in bone tissue are:

Osteogenic

Unspecialized stem cells are called ___________.

Osteocytes

___________ main cells in bone tissue that maintain daily metabolism such as exchange of nutrients.

Osteoblasts

Bone-building cells are known as ___________.

Osteoclasts

Cells that function is the breakdown of bone matrix for bone remodeling are called ___________.

ossification

The process of bone formation is called ____________.

osteogenesis

another word for ossification is ____________.

intramembranous ossification

This type of ossification takes place in the skull.

endochondral ossification

Most long bones in the body are formed through this type of ossification.

1. Development of the ossification center

Step one of the intramembranous ossification is ________. (O,C,T,P)

2. Calcification

Step two of the intramembranous ossification is ___________. (O,C,T,P)

3. Formation of trabeculae

Step three of the intramembranous ossification is ________. (O,C,T,P)

4. development of the periosteum

Step four of th intramembranous ossification is ________. (O,C,T,P)

1. development of cartilage model

Step one of the endochondral ossification. (DC)

2. growth of cartilage model

Step two of the endochondral ossification. (GC)

3. development of primary ossification center

Step three of the endochondral ossification. (PO)

4. development of the medullary cavity

Step 4 of the endochondral ossification.(M)

5. development of secondary ossification center

Step 5 of the endochondral ossification process. (2nd O)

6. formation of articular cartilage and epiphyseal plate

Step six of the endochondral ossification. (AEP)

Minerals, vitamins, and hormones

Factors that effect bone remodeling are ________, _______, and __________.

1. formation of fracture hematoma
2. fibrocartilaginous callus formation
3. bone callus formation
4. bone remodeling

The four steps in the repair of bone fracture are:

1. formation of fracture hematoma

step 1 in repair of bone fracture

2. fibrocartilaginous callus formation

step 2 in repair of bone fracture

3. bone callus formation

step 3 in repair of bone fracture

4. bone remodeling

step 4 in repair of bone fracture

adipose tissue, bone, cartilage, dense connective tissue, epithelium, nerves.

Bone is made up of ____________.

osteones

Compact bone consists of __________.

compact

__________ is the strongest form of bone.

spongey bone

This type of bone tissue forms most of the structure of short, flat, irregular bones and the interior of the epiphysis in long bones.