the purpose of the eye is to gather light from the environment and from an image on cells of the
retina
the nerve that carries impulses from the eye to the brain is the
optic nerve
the inner coat of the posterior wall of the eye is composed of the
retina
the outer wall of the eye consists of the cornea and the
sclera
the thin watery fluid in the anterior chamber of the eye is
aqueous humor
the jellylike substance that fills the posterior cavity of the eye is called
vitreus humor
the posterior chamber of the eye lies between the iris and the
lens
the iris is composed of 2 layers of
smooth muscle
the pupil of the eye is an opening in the portion of the eye known as the
iris
the transparent biconcave lens is found behind the
pupil
the suspensory ligament attaches the lens to the structure called the
ciliary body
the nervous layer of the retina consists of three layers of
neurons
the eyelids are covered on their surfaces by the mucous membrane called the
conjunctiva
tears that bathe the eyeball and keep it moist are produced by the
lacrimal apparatus
twilight vision is concerned with those retinal cells known as
rods
daylight vision and close detailed vision are permitted by those retinal cells known as
cones
the place where most cones are concentrated is the
fovea centralis
the retinal cells in their greatest number at the outer edge of the retina are
rods
the optic disc contains no visual receptors and is therefore called the
blind spot
the lobe of the brain where the visual patterns are interpreted is the
occipital lobe
the process of light focusing due to the elasticity of the lens is called the
accommodation
the change of lens shape to focus objects at various distances is under the control of a muscle called the
ciliary muscle
persons having a condition in which the 2 eyes do not work together in a coordinated way suffer from
strabismus
the correct term for nearsightedness is
myopia
nearsightedness can be corrected by utilizing glasses having lenses that are
biconcave
the condition of farsightedness is correctly known as
hyperopia
farsightedness can be corrected with glasses having lenses that are
biconvex
irregular curvature of the lens or cornea results in a disorder known as
astigmatism
the sexlinked genetic trait in which a person cannot detect certain colors is called
color blindness
the major lobe of the brain in which hearing perception occurs is the
temporal lobe
the technical name for the eardrum is the
tympanic membrane
the middle ear bones which transmit sound to the inner ear are known as the malleus incus and
stapes
the long slender tube leading from the pharynx to the middle ear is the
eustachian tube
the snaillike structure of the internal ear is called the
cochlea
three qualities of sound waves are intensity, pitch, and
timbre
sound waves are transmitted from the middle ear bones to the membrane of the cochlea beneath the stapes called the
oval window
in the cochlea hair cells detect sound produced pressure changes in a structure called the
organ of corti
sound induced nerve impulses are transmitted to the brain for interpretation over the cochlear branch of the nerve called the
vestibulocochlear nerve
the sense of taste is technically known as the
gustatory sense
taste buds are located on the upper surface of the tongue within tiny elevations called
papillae
the five primary tastes are sweet sour salty umami and
bitter
the sensations of salt and sweet are detected on the portion of the tongue that is
anterior
impulses of taste are transmitted to the brain over the facial nerve or the
glossopharyngeal nerve
the sense of smell is called the
olfactory sense
the interpretations of smell are made in the temporal lobe of the cerebrum and in the
frontal lobe
touch receptors in the skin are known as
merkel's disks
receptors that detect pressure and vibrations in the skin are called the
Pacinian corpuscles
the sense of equilibrium is associated with the canals and passageways found in the
inner ear
each of the semicircular canals used in equilibrium connects with and outgrowth called the
utricle
maintaining posture depends in impulses arising in the semicircular canal and using small bits of calcium carbonate called
otoliths
the outer layer of the wall of the eye is composed of the
cornea and sclera
the vitreous humor of the eye may be found between
the lens and retina
the iris is composed of
two layers of smooth muscle
the color of a persons eyes depends upon which pigments are contained in the
iris
all of the following are components of the retina of the eye except
ciliary muscles
the conjunctiva is a mucous membrane that
covers the eyeball and lines the eyelids
tears are produced by a set of glands next to the eyeball and known as the
lacrimal gland
the rod shaped cells of the retina permit vision
where there is dim light
the highest concentration of cone shaped cells is at the
fovea centralis
the highest concentration of rod shaped cells is at the
outer edge of the retina
an inverted image is converted into an upright image at the
occipital lobe of the brain
the process of accomadation is due to the
changing shape of the lens
persons having the condition called strabismus have a condition in which
the eyes do not work in a coordinated fashion
a person who suffers from nearsightedness can be assisted by glasses having
biconcave lenses
a person suffering from farsightedness can be helped by wearing glasses that have
biconvex lens
in a person who is farsighted
the image forms behind the retina
color blindness is the result of
genetic trait
all of the following are parts of the outer ear except the
ear ossicles
the eustachian tube leads from the
pharynx to the inner ear
all of the following are characteristics of sound waves except
refraction
sound vibraations are conducted from the stapes to the perilymph of the cochlea by the
oval window
molecules that stimulate the sour taste are detected at the
lateral anterior portion of the tongue
the taste buds send their impulses to the brain for interpretation utilizing the
facial and glossopharyngeal nerves
the olfactory nerve is primarily concerned with carrying impulses from the
nose
the utricle saccule and vestibule are all concerned primarily with the sense of
equilibrium
the nerve that transmits impulses from the eye to the brain is the _______
optic nerve
the ________ layer of the eyeball is a highly vascular layer consisting of the choroid layer, iris, and ciliary bodies.
middle
the two components of the outer layer of the eyeball are the cornea and the _______
sclera
the posterior chamber of the eye is found between the iris and the _________
lens
two layers of _______muscle compose the iris
smooth
the lens is a transparent ______ disc of fibrous protein material occuring in concentric layers
biconvex
the _______________ attaches the lens to the ciliary body
suspensory ligament
the neurons that receive impulses initiated by rod and cone cells are ___________ neurons
bipolar
the mucous membrane folded over part of the eyeball and lining the eyelid is the ___________
conjunctiva
tears are produced in the eye to bathe the eyeball by the __________ apparatus
lacrimal
the _____ cells permit close detailed vision and are concerned with color vision
cone
cone cells are highlly concentrated in the ________ a small indentation near the posterior portion of the center of the retina
fovea centralis
the number of rod cells _____________ as the distance from the fovea centralis increases
increases
the principal structure for focusing light rays on the retina is the ______
lens
the ___________ muscles of the eye are responsible for eyeball movements that help one see a single 3-d image
extrinsic
the condition called astigmatism is due to and irregular curvature of the lens or _______
cornea
the major site for hearing perception in the brain is the temporal lobe of the ______
cerebrum
the three middle ear bones that transmit sound waves are known as the malleus _______ and stapes
incus
the eustachian tube leading to the ______ ear helps maintain air pressure on both sides of the eardrum
middle
the intensity of sound waves is usually expressed in ______
decibels
perilymph vibrations in the inner ear are transmitted to dendrites located in the _________in the cochlea
organ of corti
most papillae that contain the taste buds are found on the ________
tongue
taste stimuli pass through the __________ of the brain on their way to the temporal lobe of the cerebrum where the stimuli are interpreted
thalamus
the variety of smells that the body can detect is ______
over 10000
the semicircular canals of the inner ear are concerned primarily with the sense of ______
equilibrium