Gyrus
Ridge on cerebral cortex
Sulcus
Groove on surface of brain
Longitudinal fissure
Fissure down center of brain
Frontal lobe
Area of brain concerned with learning, behavior, personality, and voluntary movement
Temporal lobe
Area of brain concerned with understanding and speech
Parietal lobe
Area of brain concerned with conception and correlation of sensory information
Occipital lobe
Area of brain concerned with vision
Central sulcus
Sulcus across center of brain
Pre-central gyrus
Gyrus in front of central sulcus (motor)
Post-central gyrus
Gyrus behind central sulcus (sensory)
Reticular Activating System
Keeps you conscious
Broca's area
Responsible for speech
Wernicke's area
Responsible for understanding speech
Limbic system
Responsible for emotion
Hippocampus
Part of limbic system in temporal lobe
Amygdala
Part of limbic system in temporal lobe, assigns value to memory
Thalamus
A structure in the forebrain through which all sensory information (except smell) must pass to get to the cerebral cortex.
Intermediate Mass
Connects right and left thalamic masses
Hypothalamus
directs eating, drinking, body temperature; helps maintain homeostasis by stimulating the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion
Mammillary bodies
Reflex center for smell
Infundibulum
A stalk that attaches the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus.
Pineal gland
Superior to mesencephalon, regulates sleep-wake cycle
Mesencephalon
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Diencephalon
posterior part of the forebrain, containing the epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus, and ventral thalamus and the third ventricle.
Cerebrum
Area of the brain responsible for all voluntary activities of the body
Pons
relays information from the cerebellum to the rest of the brain, superior to medulla
inferior colliculus
part of the midbrain that serves as a main auditory (sound) center for the body. acts as the channel for almost all auditory signals in the human body
Superior colliculus
layered, multi-sensory structure. Its upper layer receives visual signals from the retina of the eye, while the lower layers process multiple signals from various other parts of the brain
Cerebral peduncles
Three pairs of stalks that connect cerebellum to brain stem
Medulla oblongata
Part of the brainstem that controls vital life-sustaining functions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, and digestion
Brainstem
midbrain, pons, medulla
Meninges
the three membranes (the dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater) that line the skull and vertebral canal and enclose the brain and spinal cord.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
clear, colorless body fluid found in the brain and spine. acts as a cushion or buffer for the brain's cortex, providing basic mechanical and immunological protection to the brain inside the skull
Dura mater
Outermost layer of the meninges
Falx cerebri
Part of dura Mater fold that separates the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum
Tentorium cerebelli
Dura mater fold that separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum
Falx cerebelli
Dura mater fold that separates the two hemispheres of the cerebellum
Arachnoid mater
middle layer of the meninges
Subarachnoid space
a space in the meninges beneath the arachnoid membrane and above the pia mater that contains the cerebrospinal fluid
Pia mater
thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges
Cerebellum
A large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor skills.
Arbor vitae
The inner area of white matter in the Cerebellum that is organized into narrow branches that resemble those of a tree.
Choroid plexus
produces CSF
Ventricular System of the brain
Hollow chambers in the brain and brainstem that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid. Includes: 2 lateral ventricles, third ventricle, and fourth ventricle.
Lateral ventricles
Ventricles located in each cerebral hemisphere, separated by septum pellucidum
Third ventricle
Located on the midline beneath the lateral ventricles within diencephalon
Cerebral aqueduct
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Fourth ventricle
Between brainstem and cerebellum
Optic chiasm
point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain