1. Primary teeth may be more susceptible to restoration failures than permanent teeth (T/F)
1. True
1. occlusal surfaces are 12.5% of surfaces but account for ___% of decay. If you count lingual and buccal pits, 80%+ of total caries is related to pit and fissure caries
2. Pit and fissure caries represents a disease process the has ___onset
1. 60%
2. early
Caries occur at a rate of 4.3-68% on first molars after age ___. 1/3 of sound molars develop occlusal decay between age 17-22.
age 10
Glass ionomer has poor retention and can thus only be used as a ____ sealant
transitional sealant
1. What is the most important factor to insure success in sealant placement?
2. Placement of sealants is one of the most technique sensitive procedures in pediatric dentistry (T/F)
1. isolation
2. True
Sealant Placement steps:
1. isolate the tooth
2. clean the tooth
3. apply etch for 20 seconds
4. rinse and dry for 20-40 seconds (tooth should appear ____, frost white)
5. Place bond on tooth
6. apply sealant & cure
7. check sealant
8. check _____
4. chalky
8. check occlusion
1. mandibular teeth show ___ retention rates than maxillary teeth and premolars show high retention rates than molars
2. slight mechanical preparation of fissure with a very small bur (0.3-0.4 mm rounded tip) or abrasion to provide unstained enamel chance
1. higher
2. penetration
Clinical studies show resin modified glass ionomer sealants show good caries prevention BUT poor mechanical retention vs. resin sealants. (T/F)
True
1. Most common place of sealant failures?
2. Place sealants based upon patient's caries risk, NOT the patient's ___ or time lapsed since tooth eruption
3. Place sealants on ___ risk or surfaces that exhibit incipient carious lesions to inhibit lesion prog
1. Maxillary molars, with surfaces distal to the transverse or oblique ridge
2. age
3.
Low viscosity hydrophilic bonding layer improves the long term retention and effectiveness of ____
sealants
ART (alternative restorative treatment)/IRT (intermediate restorative treatment) is a minimally invasive treatment technique for restoring teeth via hand instrumentation for decay removal and fluoride releasing adhesive material (____ ____) for filling
glass ionomer
Silver Diamine fluoride = inexpensive, non-invasive topical to treat dental ____ similar to its predecessor fluoride varnish. Arrests dental caries in primary and permanent teeth
dental hypersensitivity
Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) when applied to dental decay or other tissue in oral cavity causes what side effect?
irreversible black staining due to silver oxide formation
So never put SDF on unrestored caries lesions
According the the AAPD, a child's first dental visit should occur no later than ___ months after first tooth eruption or age 1.
6 months
Pre-cooperative children are kids in up to ___ years of age. Too young to understand the need to cooperate. Should be expected to cry = normal for them
3 years of age
Frankl Behavioral Rating Scale
1 = Definitely negative = refuse treatment
2= Negative, reluctant
3= Positive; accepts but cautious
4= Definitely positive = excellent
Benefits of knee to knee exam for kids?
kid lays in parent's lap, reduces anxiety for kid and parent
Prior to first appointment for the child, talk to the parent:
-tell them you are focused on kid during the appointment
-let them know you will talk to them a lot after the exam
(T/F)
True
Most effective oral hygiene technique for kids?
horizontal scrub technique
white coat syndrome:
elevated blood pressure in a clinical setting (may be related to anxiety)
Piaget's stages of cognitive development
1) sensorimotor period (birth-2 years old)
2) _____ period (2-___ years)
3) concrete operations (7-11 years)
4) formal operations (11-adult)
pre operational period (2-7 years old)
_________ guidance is a means of conveying information to parent that helps them understand what to expect between current and next dental visit
anticipatory guidance
Primary dentition:
1) first teeth to usually eruption in mouth are the ____ central incisors at 5-8 months and they are the first to exfoliate/fall out at 6.5 years of age
2) mandibular second molars are the last teeth to erupt at 20-30 months. What age a
1. mandibular central incisors
2. 12 years old (between 11-13)
Crowns of permanent teeth complete calcification at ___ age of eruption
1/2 age of eruption
CAT (caries risk assessment) is a ____ measurement needed for a framework of classifying caries in children.
qualitative
bonding agent
B = sealant
C = resin based composite
A = ___ agent
Test Question:
Which statement of informed consent for pediatric patients is correct?
A) Informed consent should be always obtained from any adult accompanying the dental appointment
B) It is advisable to use supplemental video or booklet to help parents
B) It is advisable to use supplemental video or booklet to help parents understand
Examples of dentifrices include:
(Tucker)
toothpaste
1. young patients under __ years old may not require floss. Evaluate during oral exam, teeth present, contacts or lack there of.
2. ___ method of brushing involves Bristol end directly apically, touching gingival tissue. Brushing occlusally 2 teeth at a t
1. 5 years old
2. roll method
3. horizontal scrubbing
Listerine is an non-charged, phenolic antiseptic agent, first OTC mouthwash to be accepted for plaque control but studies show that _____ is more effective in reducing plaque and gingivitis.
chlorhexidine
Flouride is classified as systemic or topical:
Systemic: ingested from water where natural levels are present or its added. Also via dietary supplements
Topical?
Topical - fluoride from toothpaste, rinses, varnishes, or foams. Professionally applied self administered
_____ is an antimicrobial that is positively charged organic antiseptic, bactericidal against gram positive and negative bacteria. Use 1-2 teaspoons one minute per day for 1 week. DO NOT give to kids who cat expectorate/spit.
Can cause staining
chlorhexidine
From ages 1-3 fluoridated toothpaste can be introduced if parents are certain kids won't ____
swallow (can include flossing if closed contacts)
From 3-6 kids have complete primary dentition so ___ should definitely be included in oral hygiene regimen
flossing
Not until 12-19 is patient fully capable of managing oral hygiene (T/F)
True
AAPD recommends no fruit juice for children under ____ year old
1 year old
Which of the following is not included in the AAPD guidelines for mechanotherapy?
(Submitted by Tucker/Pediatrics Faculty)
Answer Choices
A) Brushing should be done by a parent twice daily
B) Flossing should begin when there are closed interproximal conta
C) Brushing should be done for at least 2 minutes
-- I know, weird
Most over-the-counter children's toothpastes contain what type of fluoride?
sodium fluoride
A) 0.25 mg
B) 0.50 mg
C) 1.00 mg
(double it every time)
If <0.3 ppm of fluoride in water, what do you supplement child with
A) 6 months - 3 years old?
B) 3-6 years old?
C) 6-16 years old?
Familal Factors that can affect oral care:
Attitudes about oral health care.
Health Literacy
Caretakers oral hygiene
Dietary habits
Socio-economic status
Housing
Access to transportation
T/F
True
Societal Factors that affect oral care:
Access to Care
Public financing of access to care
Access to nutrition
Public water fluoridation
Value and expectations of oral health
T/F
TRUE