Invertebrate definition
animal that lacks a backbone, or vertebral column
Intvertebrate
Butterfly
Invertebrate
Invertabrates includes atleast 33 Phyla
invertebrate nonexample
Birds
Chordate
animal that has for at least one stage of its life: a dorsal, hollow nerve cord, a notochord, a tail that extends beyond the anus; and pharyngeal pouches
Chordate example
Vertebrates
Chordate a non example
Non vertebrate
Chordate fact
All chordates exhibit four characteristics during atleast one stage of life
Notochord
long supporting rod that runs through a chordate's body and supports nerve
Notochord example
Conodonts
Notochord non examples
A short rod
Notochord fact
Most chordates only have a notochord when they are embryos
feedback inhibition
process in which a stimulus produces a response that opposes the original stimulus; also called negative feedback
feedback inhibition
If your house gets too cold, the thermostat turns on the heat
feedback inhibition a non example
Same temperature
feedback inhibition fact
Homeostasis is often maintained by feedback inhibition
pharyngeal pouch
one of a pair of structures in the throat region of a chordate
pharyngeal pouch example
Gills
Pharyngeal pouch non example
Closed space
Pharyngeal pouch fact
The throat region is also called the pharynx
radial symmetry
body plan in which any number of imaginary planes drawn through the center of the body could divide it into equal halves
radial symmetry example
starfish
radial symmetry nonexample
One part
radial symmetry fact
Animals with radial symmetry have body parts that extend from a central part
bilateral symmetry
body plan in which a single imaginary line can divide the body into left and right sides that are mirror images of each other
bilateral symmetry example
butterfly
bilateral symmetry nonexample
Animals with no mirrored side
bilateral symmetry fact
Animals with bilateral symmetry have distinct anterior and posterior ends and right and left sides
Endoderm
innermost germ layer; develops into the linings of the digestive tract and much of the respiratory system
endoderm example
Internal layers
Endoderm nonexample
External layers
Endoderm fact
Enoderm is the inside layer
Mesoderm
middle germ layer; develops into muscles, and much of the circulatory, reproductive, and excretory systems
Mesoderm examples
Liver
Mesoderm non example
Skin
Mesoderm fact
The mesoderm is the layer in the middle
Ectoderm
outermost germ layer; produces sense organs, nerves, and outer layer of skin
ectoderm examples
skin and nervous system
Ectoderm nonexample
Lungs
Ectoderm fact
The ectoderm produces sense organs, nerve, and the outer layer of the skin
coelom
body cavity lined with mesoderm
coelom example
Earthworm
coelom nonexample
Bird
coelom fact
Most complex animal phyla have a true coelom
pseudocoelom
body cavity that is only partially lined with mesoderm
pseudocoelom example
Roundworm
psuedocoelom nonexample
No body cavity
pseudocoelom fact
Pseudocoelomates have body cavities that are partially lined with tissues from the mesoderm
Zygote
fertilized egg
Zygote example
A Baby
Zygote nonexample
Grown up
Zygote fact
Gets half chromosomes from mom and half from dad - goes through repeated mitosis and cell division and turns into an embryo
Blastula
Hollow ball of cells that develops when a zygote undergoes a serious of cell divisions
Blastula example
Protosome
Blastula nonexample
Late development
Blastula fact
As the blastula develops it folds in on itself
protostome
an animal whose mouth is formed from the blastopore
Protosome example
Grasshoppers
Protosome nonexample
Forming an anus
Protosome fact
In protosomes the Blastopore develops into the mouth
Deuterostome
group of animals in which the blastopore becomes an anus, and the mouth is formed from the second opening that develops
Deuterostome examples
Fishes
Deuterostomes nonexample
Forms in mouth
Deuterostome fact
In deuterostomes the blastopore forms an anus
Cephalization
concentration of sense organs and nerve cells at the front of an animal's body
Cephalization example
Arthropod
Cephalization fact
The most successful animal groups exhibit pronounced cephalization