3 basic rules that apply to all emergency procedures
Maintain Aircraft Control
-Power, Control surfaces, Trim
-may include initial turn or climb
Analyze the situation and Take proper action
-indications come from a/c performance, engine instruments, CWS
--CRITICAL ACTIONS (boldface)
--NONCRITICAL ACTIONS
--
What does Land as soon as possible mean?
land at nearest suitable landing area
What does Land as soon as conditions permit mean?
landing determined by nature of emergency and sound judgment
What does Land as soon as practical mean?
Emergency conditions are less urgent
Terminate mission, but immediate landing may not be necessary
Command to abandon the aircraft
BAILOUT, BAILOUT, BAILOUT
Technique for solving EPs
A-A-B-C-D-E-F
A/c control - "Maintain aircraft control"
--Describe how you will use control stick, rudder, and PCL to get stabilized
Analyze the situation
--FEVER check to check for engine problems
--if at any time you realize there may be signs of an imp
FEVER check
F - Fluctuating fuel flow (Constant PCL shouldn't have FF>10PPH)
E - Excessive ITT (PMU should limit range)
V - Visual (smoke, flames, oil on windscreen)
E - Erratic engine operations
R - roughness (noise)
if at any time you realize there may be signs of an impending engine problem perform the 1st 4 steps in the PEL checklist
Turn
Climb
Clean
Check
What pitch and power setting holds 250 KIAS level flight
2 deg NL
93% + altitude
What pitch and power setting holds 200 KIAS level flight
0 deg
50% + altitude
What pitch and power setting holds 150 KIAS level flight
2 deg NH
32% + altitude
What pitch and power setting Takeoff at 85 knots
7-10 deg NH
MAX
What pitch and power setting holds tech climb at 180
10 deg NH
MAX
What pitch and power setting holds tech climb at 160
12.5 deg NH
MAX
What pitch and power setting holds tech climb at 140
15 deg NH
MAX
What order should you trim
REA
Rudder, Elevator, Aileron
What parameters does the TAD use to compute desired rudder trim tab positions
Pitch
Airspeed
Torque
Altitude
What causes the corkscrew slipstream effect
thrust generated by the rotation of the propeller
In the T-6 the corkscrew slipstream induces what?
slightly higher AOA on left wing root and left tail surfaces
slightly lowers AOA on right wing root and right tail surfaces
A/c yaws left when power is increased
As the power is increased by moving the PCL forward with the left hand, ____________________
the right foot must move forward to counter the yaw that is induced to the left
What causes P-factor?
AOA being higher on the downward moving prop blade than on the upward moving prop blade
When is P-factor a problem?
at low speeds and high AOA with power on
A/c yaws left as AOA or power is increased
Due to P-Factor, when AOA is increased, Right rudder should increase or decrease to maintain coordinated flight?
Increase
P-factor when the thrust line is below the free airstream relative wind
a/c yaws to the right and required left rudder to maintain coordinated flight (this rarely ever happens because you never need to push that low)
Primary means for compensating for engine torque
Rudder and TAD
When does gyroscopic precession occur?
a force is applied to displace a spinning mass
causes the applied force to act in a plane 90 degrees from the plane in which it was applied
If the nose is yawed to the left, the nose tends to ____________
pitch up
If the nose is yawed to the right, the nose tends to ____________
pitch down
If the nose is pitched up, the nose tends to ____________
yaw right
If the nose is pitched down, the nose tends to ____________
yaw left
In clear flight conditions, devote ____________ to outside references and ________________ to inside references
80%
20%
What effect will gyroscopic precession of the propeller have on the aircraft if the nose is pitched up?
right yaw
What visual reference is used for straight-and-level unaccelerated flight at 200 KIAS? as airspeed changes?
half-ground/half-sky
*at higher airspeeds, hold the nose at a lower attitude; at lower airspeeds, hold the nose at a higher attitude
A properly trimmed aircraft is trimmed for ______________
a specific airspeed and power setting
What is a shallow turn
approx 30 deg bank or less
What is a steep turn
approx 45-60 deg bank or greater
What is the "bug spot"?
point on the windscreen directly in front of the pilot that appears to pivot on the horizon when bank is introduced
What visual reference is used to maintain a level turn?
Dragging the TAS antenna across the horizon
What type of uncoordinated flight is caused by insufficient bank angle in relation to the turn rate of the aircraft?
Skid
During composite flight use __________ for turns with 45 degrees or greater bank
10 degree lead point
use 5 degree lead point for turns with less than 45 degrees
Adverse Yaw, what is that sht?
tendency of the aircraft to yaw away from direction of aileron input
What causes a skid?
excessive bottom rudder during a turn
Why are skids dangerous?
the possibility of inadvertent roll at slow airspeeds
the impending stall is known as a skidded turn stall
True or False: It's ok to place anything on the canopy glass
FALSE
*Do not place anything on the canopy glass
How much space between the top of the helmet and the canopy ensures adequate clearance for the canopy breaker during ejection?
Clenched fist
Ensure the prop area is clear before doing what?
Turning on the battery or starting/motoring the engine
What is the AFI 11-218 ground signal for 'ready to taxi'?
Pull chocks signal
Taxi no faster than how many knots, or a fast walk, in congested areas?
5-7 knots
Normal taxi speed should not exceed how many knots in uncongested areas?
15 knots
What is checked during the RNEWS check?
RAIM and FDE/ NAVAIDs/Needles / Emergencies / Weather/Winds / SID/Departure Procedure
True or False: Wait to begin the after landing checklist until reaching normal taxi speed and clear of active runway.
TRUE
Final authority to accept or reject an aircraft
pilot in command
what does ATIS stand for?
Air Terminal Information System
Most common reference to establish a stagger during taxi
line up exhaust stack on the taxi line
If a cable must be crossed _____________
taxi as slowly as possible
What does RAIM stand for?
Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring
What does FDE stand for?
Fault detection and exclusion
If the aircraft moves during an overspeed governor check
reduce power, pump brakes, and try again
If returning to parking without taking off
complete after landing checklist to ensure all systems are appropriately set
3 basic rules that apply to all emergency procedures
Maintain Aircraft Control
-Power, Control surfaces, Trim
-may include initial turn or climb
Analyze the situation and Take proper action
-indications come from a/c performance, engine instruments, CWS
--CRITICAL ACTIONS (boldface)
--NONCRITICAL ACTIONS
--
What does Land as soon as possible mean?
land at nearest suitable landing area
What does Land as soon as conditions permit mean?
landing determined by nature of emergency and sound judgment
What does Land as soon as practical mean?
Emergency conditions are less urgent
Terminate mission, but immediate landing may not be necessary
Command to abandon the aircraft
BAILOUT, BAILOUT, BAILOUT
Technique for solving EPs
A-A-B-C-D-E-F
A/c control - "Maintain aircraft control"
--Describe how you will use control stick, rudder, and PCL to get stabilized
Analyze the situation
--FEVER check to check for engine problems
--if at any time you realize there may be signs of an imp
FEVER check
F - Fluctuating fuel flow (Constant PCL shouldn't have FF>10PPH)
E - Excessive ITT (PMU should limit range)
V - Visual (smoke, flames, oil on windscreen)
E - Erratic engine operations
R - roughness (noise)
if at any time you realize there may be signs of an impending engine problem perform the 1st 4 steps in the PEL checklist
Turn
Climb
Clean
Check
What pitch and power setting holds 250 KIAS level flight
2 deg NL
93% + altitude
What pitch and power setting holds 200 KIAS level flight
0 deg
50% + altitude
What pitch and power setting holds 150 KIAS level flight
2 deg NH
32% + altitude
What pitch and power setting Takeoff at 85 knots
7-10 deg NH
MAX
What pitch and power setting holds tech climb at 180
10 deg NH
MAX
What pitch and power setting holds tech climb at 160
12.5 deg NH
MAX
What pitch and power setting holds tech climb at 140
15 deg NH
MAX
What order should you trim
REA
Rudder, Elevator, Aileron
What parameters does the TAD use to compute desired rudder trim tab positions
Pitch
Airspeed
Torque
Altitude
What causes the corkscrew slipstream effect
thrust generated by the rotation of the propeller
In the T-6 the corkscrew slipstream induces what?
slightly higher AOA on left wing root and left tail surfaces
slightly lowers AOA on right wing root and right tail surfaces
A/c yaws left when power is increased
As the power is increased by moving the PCL forward with the left hand, ____________________
the right foot must move forward to counter the yaw that is induced to the left
What causes P-factor?
AOA being higher on the downward moving prop blade than on the upward moving prop blade
When is P-factor a problem?
at low speeds and high AOA with power on
A/c yaws left as AOA or power is increased
Due to P-Factor, when AOA is increased, Right rudder should increase or decrease to maintain coordinated flight?
Increase
P-factor when the thrust line is below the free airstream relative wind
a/c yaws to the right and required left rudder to maintain coordinated flight (this rarely ever happens because you never need to push that low)
Primary means for compensating for engine torque
Rudder and TAD
When does gyroscopic precession occur?
a force is applied to displace a spinning mass
causes the applied force to act in a plane 90 degrees from the plane in which it was applied
If the nose is yawed to the left, the nose tends to ____________
pitch up
If the nose is yawed to the right, the nose tends to ____________
pitch down
If the nose is pitched up, the nose tends to ____________
yaw right
If the nose is pitched down, the nose tends to ____________
yaw left
In clear flight conditions, devote ____________ to outside references and ________________ to inside references
80%
20%
What effect will gyroscopic precession of the propeller have on the aircraft if the nose is pitched up?
right yaw
What visual reference is used for straight-and-level unaccelerated flight at 200 KIAS? as airspeed changes?
half-ground/half-sky
*at higher airspeeds, hold the nose at a lower attitude; at lower airspeeds, hold the nose at a higher attitude
A properly trimmed aircraft is trimmed for ______________
a specific airspeed and power setting
What is a shallow turn
approx 30 deg bank or less
What is a steep turn
approx 45-60 deg bank or greater
What is the "bug spot"?
point on the windscreen directly in front of the pilot that appears to pivot on the horizon when bank is introduced
What visual reference is used to maintain a level turn?
Dragging the TAS antenna across the horizon
What type of uncoordinated flight is caused by insufficient bank angle in relation to the turn rate of the aircraft?
Skid
During composite flight use __________ for turns with 45 degrees or greater bank
10 degree lead point
use 5 degree lead point for turns with less than 45 degrees
Adverse Yaw, what is that sht?
tendency of the aircraft to yaw away from direction of aileron input
What causes a skid?
excessive bottom rudder during a turn
Why are skids dangerous?
the possibility of inadvertent roll at slow airspeeds
the impending stall is known as a skidded turn stall
True or False: It's ok to place anything on the canopy glass
FALSE
*Do not place anything on the canopy glass
How much space between the top of the helmet and the canopy ensures adequate clearance for the canopy breaker during ejection?
Clenched fist
Ensure the prop area is clear before doing what?
Turning on the battery or starting/motoring the engine
What is the AFI 11-218 ground signal for 'ready to taxi'?
Pull chocks signal
Taxi no faster than how many knots, or a fast walk, in congested areas?
5-7 knots
Normal taxi speed should not exceed how many knots in uncongested areas?
15 knots
What is checked during the RNEWS check?
RAIM and FDE/ NAVAIDs/Needles / Emergencies / Weather/Winds / SID/Departure Procedure
True or False: Wait to begin the after landing checklist until reaching normal taxi speed and clear of active runway.
TRUE
Final authority to accept or reject an aircraft
pilot in command
what does ATIS stand for?
Air Terminal Information System
Most common reference to establish a stagger during taxi
line up exhaust stack on the taxi line
If a cable must be crossed _____________
taxi as slowly as possible
What does RAIM stand for?
Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring
What does FDE stand for?
Fault detection and exclusion
If the aircraft moves during an overspeed governor check
reduce power, pump brakes, and try again
If returning to parking without taking off
complete after landing checklist to ensure all systems are appropriately set